India and Nepal have started the first direct commercial container freight train service from Kolkata Port to Biratnagar Customs Yard, Nepal in July 2026. The 40-wagon train, carrying canola, operated under the revised India–Nepal Rail Transit Protocol. The new service allows container cargo to move directly by rail without transshipment at the border, reducing transit time, logistics costs, and cargo handling while improving trade between the two countries.
Important Points:
- First Direct Freight Train: Kolkata Port (India) → Biratnagar Customs Yard (Nepal)
- Train Details: 40 wagons carrying canola.
- Protocol: Operated under the revised India–Nepal Rail Transit Protocol.
- Key Feature: Direct rail movement without border transshipment.
- Rail Link Used: Jogbani (India) – Biratnagar (Nepal) broad-gauge rail link.
- Rail Link Inaugurated: June 2023 by PM Narendra Modi and the then Prime Minister of Nepal.
- Revised Letter of Exchange (LoE): Signed in November 2025, enabling direct commercial operations.
- Benefits:
- Reduces transit time and logistics costs.
- Improves cargo handling and supply chain efficiency.
- Promotes faster, cheaper, and greener transportation.
- Strengthens India–Nepal trade and economic cooperation.
- Significance: A major step in expanding international rail connectivity and regional trade.
