Rodrigo Paz, leader of the Christian Democratic Party (PDC), won Bolivia’s 2025 presidential election with 54.5% of the vote, defeating former interim President Jorge “Tuto” Quiroga (45.5%) in the October 19 runoff. He will assume office on November 8, 2025. Paz’s victory marks the end of nearly two decades of socialist dominance by the Movement…
Afghanistan and Pakistan reached an immediate ceasefire on October 18, 2025, after a week of deadly border clashes that left dozens dead and hundreds injured. The truce was brokered in Doha with mediation by Qatar and Turkiye, marking a key step toward easing tensions along the 2,600 km border. The agreement calls for: The conflict…
Mohun Bagan Super Giant clinched the 125th Indian Football Association (IFA) Shield by defeating East Bengal FC 5–4 on penalties after a 1–1 draw in a thrilling Kolkata Derby final at Salt Lake Stadium on October 18, 2025. 🏅 About the IFA Shield:Founded in 1893, the IFA Shield is the fourth-oldest football tournament in the…
The 2025 Nobel Prizes honored transformative achievements across science, literature, peace, and economics. Here’s the full list of laureates with brief descriptions of their work: 🧬 Physiology or Medicine Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, Shimon SakaguchiAwarded for discovering regulatory T cells, which act as immune system “peacekeepers” by preventing autoimmune responses. Their work advanced treatments…
On 17 October 2025, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh unveiled the first Tejas LCA Mk1A fighter jet from HAL’s new Nashik production line and inaugurated a second production line for the HTT-40 trainer aircraft. Rajnath Singh noted that before 2014, around 65–70% of defence equipment was imported, but now about 65% is produced domestically. He praised…
Q: The Indian Hockey Team reached the final of which international tournament in October 2025 held in Malaysia? A) Asia CupB) Hockey Champions TrophyC) Sultan of Johor CupD) Nations Cup Q. Which organization developed the Tejas LCA Mk1A fighter jet?A) DRDOB) ISROC) Bharat Dynamics LimitedD) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
On 17 October 2025, India defeated Malaysia 2-1 in the final pool match of the Sultan of Johor Cup Men’s Hockey in Johor, Malaysia. The first quarter ended 0-0. Gurjot Singh scored for India in the 22nd minute to give a 1-0 lead at half-time. Malaysia equalized in the 43rd minute through Naaveenesh Panicker. Five…
Q. National Security Guard (NSG) Raising Day is observed every year on October 16. In which year was the NSG established? A) 1980B) 1982C) 1984D) 1986 Q. The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty is observed every year on:A) October 15B) October 17C) October 20D) October 24
The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, observed on October 17, highlights global efforts to end poverty and uphold the rights and dignity of the poor. It began on 17 October 1987, when Father Joseph Wresinski led a gathering in Paris to honor victims of poverty. The UN General Assembly later recognized it officially…
National Security Guard (NSG) Raising Day is observed every year on October 16 to commemorate the formation of India’s elite counterterrorism and special operations force, known as the Black Cats. The NSG was established on October 16, 1984, after Operation Blue Star, to combat terrorism and ensure internal security. It functions under the Ministry of…
Q: Which two countries are participating in the 5th edition of the naval exercise ‘Samudra Shakti’?A) India and JapanB) India and IndonesiaC) India and Sri LankaD) India and Australia Q. Which Indian city will host the 2030 Commonwealth Games?A) New DelhiB) AhmedabadC) MumbaiD) Bengaluru Q. The Ministry of Defence has signed a ₹659.47 crore contract…
On October 15, 2025, in Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, 61 senior Naxal cadres, including Polit Bureau Member Mallujola Venugopal Rao alias Bhupati, surrendered before the Gadchiroli Police in the presence of Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis. The surrendered group, with a collective bounty of ₹6 crore, included top ranks such as divisional and area committee members. CM Fadnavis…
On October 15, 2025, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed a ₹659.47 crore contract to equip the Indian Army’s SIG716 assault rifles with advanced night sights, greatly enhancing night combat capability. The indigenous upgrade, under the Buy (Indian-IDDM) category, was awarded to a consortium of MKU Limited and Medbit Technologies, ensuring over 51% local content….
On October 15, 2025, the Executive Board of Commonwealth Sport recommended Ahmedabad, Gujarat, to host the 2030 Commonwealth Games, with final approval due on November 26, 2025, in Glasgow. Backed by the Government of India, Gujarat, and the Commonwealth Games Association of India, the bid highlights Ahmedabad’s world-class infrastructure like the Narendra Modi Stadium. The…
The Indian Navy and the Indonesian Navy are conducting the 5th edition of the bilateral maritime exercise “Samudra Shakti” from October 14 to 17 at Visakhapatnam. The exercise aims to strengthen maritime cooperation and interoperability between the two navies. INS Kavaratti, an anti-submarine warfare corvette, and KRI John Lie, an Indonesian corvette with a helicopter,…
Q. Who authored the book titled “Ready, Relevant and Resurgent II: Shaping a Future Ready Force”, released in October 2025?a) Rajnath Singhb) General Anil Chauhanc) General Bipin Rawatd) Ashok Kumar Q. Where was the inaugural India–South Korea naval bilateral exercise held in October 2025?a) Visakhapatnamb) Busanc) Chennaid) Seoul Q. What is the flat customs duty…
In October 2025, Google announced a $15 billion investment to build its largest AI and data infrastructure hub outside the U.S. in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, in partnership with Adani Group and Bharti Airtel. The 1-gigawatt data center campus, powered by renewable energy and supported by subsea cable and fiber networks, will enhance AI, cloud, and…
India Post announced that all international postal services to the U.S. will resume from October 15, 2025. The services were suspended since August 2025 due to new U.S. Customs (CBP) rules. A new Delivery Duty Paid (DDP) system now allows customs duties to be collected in India before dispatch, ensuring smooth delivery in the U.S….
The first-ever India–South Korea naval bilateral exercise began on 13 October 2025 at Busan Naval Base, marking a significant step in the growing strategic partnership between the Indian Navy (IN) and the Republic of Korea Navy (RoKN). The INS Sahyadri, a Shivalik-class stealth frigate built in India under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat vision, participated alongside ROKS…
On 14 October 2025, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh released a book titled “Ready, Relevant and Resurgent II: Shaping a Future Ready Force”, authored by Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) General Anil Chauhan. The book provides a comprehensive roadmap for preparing India’s Armed Forces for future challenges. It analyzes the changing nature of warfare, including domains…
Q. Who won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for their work on innovation and “creative destruction”?a) Paul Krugman, Milton Friedman, and Ben Bernankeb) Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt c) Simon Johnson, James Robinson, and Daron Acemoglud) Ragnar Frisch, Jan Tinbergen, and Nikolaas Tinbergen Q. Who is the President of Mongolia who…
On 13 October 2025, Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced that Railway Protection Force (RPF) recruitment will now be conducted annually by the Staff Selection Commission (SSC). Speaking at the 41st Raising Day of the RPF in Valsad, Gujarat, he also unveiled modernization plans, including VHF sets, digital, and drone training for RPF personnel. Highlighting…
Mongolian President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa is on a four-day state visit to India (October 13–16, 2025) — his first as Head of State — marking the 70th anniversary of India-Mongolia diplomatic ties. The visit highlights the growing strategic partnership between the two democracies, focusing on energy, mining, defense, education, and cultural cooperation. High-level talks with Prime…
Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for explaining how innovation and “creative destruction” drive long-term economic growth. Their research shows that new technologies replace old ones, improving living standards but also requiring continuous innovation to avoid stagnation. Aghion urged Europe to balance competition and industrial policy,…
Q: The Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025 between India and Australia, held at Perth from 13–26 October 2025, was led by which regiment of the Indian Army? A. Rajput RegimentB. Sikh RegimentC. Gorkha Rifles D. Madras Regiment Q: Afghan Foreign Minister Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqi’s visit to India from 9–16 October 2025 marked the first Taliban ministerial…
The Indian Army will host the United Nations Troop Contributing Countries (UNTCC) Chiefs’ Conclave in New Delhi from 14–16 October 2025, bringing together senior military leaders from 32 nations engaged in UN peacekeeping operations. The conclave will provide a platform to discuss operational challenges, interoperability, inclusivity, evolving threats, and the role of technology and training…
Afghan Foreign Minister Mawlawi Amir Khan Muttaqi visited India from 9 to 16 October 2025, marking the first Taliban ministerial visit to India since 2021. His week-long trip included stops in New Delhi, Deoband, and Agra, symbolizing a blend of diplomatic, religious, and cultural outreach. Muttaqi held talks with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and…
The fourth edition of India–Australia joint military exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025 began in Perth, Australia, on 13 October 2025. The exercise, running till 26 October, involves 120 Indian Army personnel, led by a Battalion of Gorkha Rifles. It aims to enhance defence cooperation, improve interoperability, and exchange tactics and techniques for sub-conventional warfare in urban and…
Q. Maria Corina Machado, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2025, is a political leader from which country? A) BrazilB) Colombia C) Venezuela D) Argentina Q. In which event did India win a bronze medal at the BWF World Junior Championships 2025, held in Guwahati, Assam? A) Men’s SinglesB) Women’s DoublesC) Mixed Team Event…
India will upgrade its Technical Mission in Kabul to a full Embassy, signaling full diplomatic re-engagement with Afghanistan. Announcing this on 10 October 2025, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar reaffirmed India’s support for Afghanistan’s sovereignty, stability, and development. India pledged continued development aid, including 20 ambulances, medical equipment, vaccines, food supplies, and help in rebuilding…