Katchatheevu Island row : Know the details

The Katchatheevu Island row has resurfaced, sparking controversy and debate.

Background:
- Katchatheevu Island is a disputed area situated in the Palk Strait, between India and Sri Lanka.
- In 1974, the Indira Gandhi-led Congress government ceded Katchatheevu Island to Sri Lanka through an agreement.
- The island covers 1.9 square kilometers and lies approximately 20 kilometers from the Indian shore.
- It is located in the middle of the ocean, equidistant from both countries, and is about 33 kilometers away from the Indian coast.
- The island hosts a single structure: a church named St. Anthony, built by the British in the 20th century. Pastors from both India and Sri Lanka oversee its administration.
Historical Context:
- Katchatheevu Island emerged from a volcanic eruption in the 14th century.
- It was initially occupied by the Jaffna Kingdom of Sri Lanka during the medieval period.
- Later, control shifted to the Ramnad Zamindari in the 17th century.
- Due to its abundant fish resources, both India and Sri Lanka claimed the island to regulate fishing activities in 1921.
- A survey declared Katchatheevu as part of Sri Lanka, but India continued to assert its ownership.
The Controversial Agreement:
- In 1974, under the Indo-Sri Lankan Maritime Agreement, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi accepted Katchatheevu as Sri Lankan territory.
- The move aimed to strengthen India’s relations with Sri Lanka.
- However, this decision has remained contentious, with recent political discussions reigniting the debate.
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi has criticized the Congress for giving away Katchatheevu to Sri Lanka.
- The DMK government in Tamil Nadu consistently urges for the island’s return to India.