Recent outbreaks have occurred in various countries, including the UK, Sweden, and Pakistan, with higher transmission rates and mortality than previous outbreaks. Health authorities are responding by stockpiling vaccines and issuing travel advisories.
Mpox, (monkeypox)
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral disease caused by the Orthopoxvirus, related to the smallpox virus.
Transmission:
- Human-to-Human: Mpox spreads through direct contact with infectious sores, body fluids, or respiratory droplets during prolonged close contact, including intimate interactions like kissing or sexual contact.
- Animal-to-Human: In West and Central Africa, the virus can be contracted from infected animals, such as rodents, through bites, scratches, or handling infected meat.
Symptoms:
- Initial Symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, swollen lymph nodes, chills, and exhaustion.
- Rash Development: A rash appears 1 to 5 days after the initial symptoms, starting on the face and spreading to other parts of the body. It progresses from raised spots to fluid-filled blisters, which eventually scab and fall off.
Prevention and Treatment:
- Vaccination: Smallpox vaccines are effective against Mpox, recommended for high-risk individuals.
- Hygiene Practices: Regular hand washing, avoiding contact with infected individuals, and using personal protective equipment (PPE) are crucial for prevention.
- Treatment: There is no specific treatment for Mpox, but supportive care and possibly antiviral drugs like tecovirimat can help manage symptoms.
Q.: What are the initial symptoms of Mpox?
A) Diarrhea and vomiting
B) Fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes
C) Cough and shortness of breath
D) Nausea and dizziness
Answer: B) Fever, headache, and swollen lymph nodes
Initial Symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, swollen lymph nodes, chills, and exhaustion.
Rash Development: A rash appears 1 to 5 days after the initial symptoms, starting on the face and spreading to other parts of the body.
