Indian-Origin Scientist Jay Bhattacharya Takes Charge as NIH Director in US

Indian-origin scientist Jay Bhattacharya has been confirmed as the 18th Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). 🎉 Nominated by President Donald Trump, he was confirmed on March 25, 2025, with a 53-47 vote by US Senate.

Dr. Bhattacharya is a renowned expert in health policy and economics, holding an MD and PhD from Stanford University. He has an impressive career as a professor at Stanford, a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution. 📚 His groundbreaking research spans Economics, Public Health, and Health Policy, impacting lives across the globe.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 26 March 2025

Q.:Rajiv Gauba has been recently (in March 2025) appointed as:

(A) Union Home Secretary
(B) Full-time member of the NITI Aayog
(C) Cabinet Secretary
(D) Secretary in the Ministry of Urban Development

Show Answer
Ans: (B) Full-time member of the NITI Aayog
Former Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba has been appointed as a full-time member of the NITI Aayog, effective 25 March 2025.

Q. What is the significance of India’s first indigenous MRI machine, set to be installed at AIIMS Delhi by October 2025 for clinical trials?

(A) It eliminates the need for X-rays.
(B) It reduces dependence on imported medical equipment.
(C) It replaces CT scans in hospitals.
(D) It is powered entirely by renewable energy.

Show Answer
Ans: (B) It reduces dependence on imported medical equipment.

Q. What is the main aim of the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024?

A) To reduce taxes
B) To strengthen the NDMA and SDMA
C) To create new political constituencies
D) To increase foreign investments

Show Answer
Ans: B) To strengthen the NDMA and SDMA
The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024 has been passed by both houses of Parliament, with the Rajya Sabha approving it on 25 March 2025. It amends the Disaster Management Act, 2005, aiming to enhance the efficiency of the National and State Disaster Management Authorities (NDMA and SDMA).

Q. How much will customers be charged for a financial transaction beyond the free limit from May 1?

A) Rs 17
B) Rs 18
C) Rs 19
D) Rs 20

Show Answer
Answer: C) Rs 19
Financial transactions beyond the free limit will now cost Rs 19 per transaction, up from Rs 17 from May 1,2025.

Q. What percentage of India’s workforce was covered by social security in 2024, according to the ILO report?

A) 24.4%
B) 48.8%
C) 40.3%
D) 50%

Show Answer
Answer: B) 48.8%
According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), World Social Security Report 2024-26, India’s coverage has jumped from 24.4% in 2021 to 48.8% in 2024.

India’s social security coverage doubled from 24.4 % to 48.8 % in 3 years

According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), World Social Security Report 2024-26, India’s coverage has jumped from 24.4% in 2021 to 48.8% in 2024.

Union Minister Mansukh Mandaviya highlighted this progress during the webinar on ‘Investing in People’. Key achievements include:

  • 17.1 crore jobs created between 2014 and 2024, with 4.6 crore added in the past year alone.
  • Unemployment rate dropped from 6% (2017-18) to 3.2% (2023-24).
  • Female workforce participation surged from 22% to 40.3%.

Dr. Mandaviya emphasized the government’s focus on empowering youth through skill development and its commitment to fostering global economic contributions. 💼

ATM Withdrawals to Cost More Starting May 1, 2025

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has raised interchange fees, making ATM transactions more expensive across the country from May 1,2025.

Key points:
👉 Financial transactions beyond the free limit will now cost Rs 19 per transaction, up from Rs 17.
👉 Non-financial services like balance inquiries will cost Rs 7 per transaction, a Rs 1 hike.

This move comes after requests from white-label ATM operators citing rising operational costs. Smaller banks, reliant on larger institutions for ATM infrastructure, are expected to feel the pinch.

📉 The Shift to Digital:
ATMs, once the backbone of banking convenience, face challenges as digital wallets and UPI take center stage. Digital transactions in India have skyrocketed, growing from Rs 952 lakh crore in FY14 to Rs 3,658 lakh crore in FY23.

💡 What This Means for You:
Prepare for higher costs if you rely on ATMs for cash withdrawals. This may encourage further adoption of cashless alternatives, aligning with India’s growing digital economy. 🚀

Parliament Passes Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024

The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024 has been passed by both houses of Parliament, with the Rajya Sabha approving it on 25 March 2025. It amends the Disaster Management Act, 2005, aiming to enhance the efficiency of the National and State Disaster Management Authorities (NDMA and SDMA).

Key highlights:

  • The NDMA and SDMA will now prepare disaster plans at national and state levels, replacing the role of executive committees.
  • States can establish Urban Disaster Management Authorities for capitals and cities with municipal corporations.
  • A disaster database will be created at both national and state levels.

India develops first indigenous MRI machine, set to be installed at AIIMS Delhi for clinical trials

India has developed its first indigenous Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine. This machine is set to be installed at AIIMS Delhi by October 2025 for clinical trials.

The MRI machine, developed in collaboration with SAMEER (Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research) under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, aims to reduce India’s reliance on imported medical equipment, which currently accounts for 80-85% of devices. By producing MRI machines domestically, India is taking a major step toward self-reliance in medical technology and lowering healthcare costs.

The initiative is expected to make MRI scans more affordable and accessible to a larger population, addressing challenges in healthcare affordability and accessibility. This development aligns with India’s broader goals of fostering innovation and achieving self-sufficiency in critical sectors.

Rajiv Gauba Appointed Full-Time Member of NITI Aayog

Former Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba has been appointed as a full-time member of the NITI Aayog, effective 25 March 2025. A distinguished 1982-batch IAS officer from the Jharkhand cadre, Mr. Gauba served as India’s top bureaucrat from 2019 to August 2024. During his tenure, he played a pivotal role in shaping India’s COVID-19 response and driving economic recovery strategies.

With an illustrious career that includes serving as Union Home Secretary, Secretary in the Ministry of Urban Development, and Chief Secretary of Jharkhand, Mr. Gauba’s appointment has been approved by the Prime Minister. He will continue to contribute to India’s growth and development under the same terms as other full-time members of the NITI Aayog, further solidifying his legacy in the nation’s administrative framework.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 25 March 2025

Q. What was the original name of the Assam Rifles when it was first raised in 1835?

a) Northeast Frontier Force
b) Cachar Levy
c) Eastern Border Regiment
d) Himalayan Security Unit

Show Answer
Answer: b) Cachar Levy
Established on March 24 in 1835 as the ‘Cachar Levy,’ the Assam Rifles has evolved through numerous historical events, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the northeastern region.

Q. When is World Tuberculosis Day observed every year?

a. 22 March
b. 13 January
c. 24 March
d. 21 February

Show Answer
Ans: c. 24 March
Observed on 24th March every year, World Tuberculosis Day aims to raise awareness

Q. Why did Justice Yashwant Varma come under controversy in March 2025?

A) Corruption allegations
B) Discovery of cash at his residence
C) Misuse of judicial powers
D) Conflict with senior judges

Show Answer
Answer: B) Discovery of cash at his residence
Justice Varma is currently under scrutiny following allegations of a large stash of cash being discovered at his Delhi residence after a fire broke out on March 14, 2025.

Q. Who has been appointed as the new Finance Secretary of India on March 24, 2025?

A) Tuhin Kanta Pandey
B) Ajay Seth
C) Rajiv Kumar
D) Sanjay Malhotra

Show Answer
Answer: B) Ajay Seth
The Government of India has designated Ajay Seth, a 1987-batch IAS officer of the Karnataka cadre, as the new Finance Secretary on March 24, 2025.

Q. What is the revised monthly salary of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha members effective from April 1, 2023?

A) Rs 1 lakh
B) Rs 1.24 lakh
C) Rs 1.5 lakh
D) Rs 1.75 lakh

Show Answer
Answer: B) Rs 1.24 lakh
The Centre has officially announced a significant revision in the salaries, allowances, and pensions of Members of Parliament (MPs), effective from April 1, 2023

Centre Approves Salary and Allowance Hike for MPs, Effective April 2023

The Centre has officially announced a significant revision in the salaries, allowances, and pensions of Members of Parliament (MPs), effective from April 1, 2023. The Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs issued a gazette notification on March 24, 2025, confirming the changes.

Key highlights of the revision:

  • Monthly Salary: Increased from ₹1 lakh to ₹1.24 lakh.
  • Daily Allowance: Raised from ₹2,000 to ₹2,500.
  • Pensions for Former MPs: Revised from ₹25,000 to ₹31,000 per month, with additional pensions for extended service increasing from ₹2,000 to ₹2,500 per year of service beyond five years.

This comprehensive adjustment ensures MPs’ compensation keeps pace with inflation and supports their legislative duties effectively. MPs also receive enhanced allowances for constituency-related work, office maintenance, and other perks such as free flights, train travel, and accommodations.

The last revision took place in 2018, making this a timely update to address rising living costs and economic shifts.

Ajay Seth Appointed as New Finance Secretary of India

The Government of India has designated Ajay Seth, a 1987-batch IAS officer of the Karnataka cadre, as the new Finance Secretary on March 24, 2025. This appointment follows the elevation of Tuhin Kanta Pandey to the position of SEBI Chairperson.

Ajay Seth, who previously served as the Secretary of the Department of Economic Affairs, brings over three decades of expertise in public finance, taxation, and governance. Known for his pivotal role in shaping India’s economic policies, he has been instrumental in managing infrastructure investments, coordinating with global financial institutions, and steering macroeconomic strategies.

With a strong academic foundation, including a Master’s degree in Public Administration from Harvard University, Seth has also held key positions at the state level, such as Managing Director of Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Limited. His leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic was marked by critical contributions to Union Budgets and economic recovery initiatives.

Supreme Court Collegium Recommends Transfer of Justice Yashwant Varma

The Supreme Court Collegium has proposed the transfer of Justice Yashwant Varma, a sitting judge of the Delhi High Court, back to his parent court, the Allahabad High Court. This decision, taken during meetings on March 20 and March 24.

However, the transfer has sparked controversy, with the Allahabad High Court Bar Association raising objections. Justice Varma is currently under scrutiny following allegations of a large stash of cash being discovered at his Delhi residence after a fire broke out on March 14. Reports suggest that firefighters found the cash while extinguishing the flames, though Justice Varma was not present at the time.

In response to the allegations, Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna has formed a three-member inquiry committee to investigate the matter. The committee includes:

  • Justice Sheel Nagu (Chief Justice, Punjab & Haryana High Court)
  • Justice G.S. Sandhawalia (Chief Justice, Himachal Pradesh High Court)
  • Justice Anu Sivaraman (Judge, Karnataka High Court)

Meanwhile, Delhi High Court Chief Justice Devendra Upadhyaya has been directed not to assign any judicial work to Justice Varma until further notice.

Justice Varma has strongly denied the allegations, claiming that this is a deliberate attempt to tarnish his reputation. He clarified that the room where the cash was allegedly found is an outhouse, separate from his main residence.

The Supreme Court has emphasized that the transfer decision is unrelated to the ongoing controversy, aiming to maintain transparency and fairness.

World Tuberculosis Day : 24th March

Observed on 24th March every year, World Tuberculosis Day aims to raise awareness about the severe health, social, and economic impact of Tuberculosis (TB) and to mobilize efforts to eliminate this global epidemic. The date commemorates the historic discovery of the TB bacteria by Dr. Robert Koch in 1882, paving the way for understanding and treating the disease.

This year’s theme, “Yes! We Can End TB: Commit, Invest, and Deliver”, inspires deeper commitment to ending TB worldwide. It emphasizes combating drug-resistant TB and strengthening efforts at local, national, and international levels to save lives.

In India, the central government has launched several initiatives to eradicate TB:

  • Ni-Kshay Poshan Yojana: Providing ₹1,000 per month as nutritional support to TB patients.
  • Free drugs and diagnostics: Ensuring accessible treatment for all.
  • 100-day TB Elimination Campaign: Prioritizing districts to find and treat missing cases, reduce deaths, and prevent new infections.

According to the WHO’s Global TB Report 2024, India has made significant progress with a 17.7% decline in TB incidence rates from 237 per lakh population in 2015 to 195 per lakh population in 2023.

March 24th: Assam Rifles Commemorates 190th Raising Day

“Assam Rifles, India’s oldest paramilitary force, commemorated its Raising Day on March 24, 2025, with profound pride and solemnity. This day marked the 190th Raising day, and celebrated the rich history and unwavering dedication of the “Sentinels of the Northeast.”

Here’s a glimpse into the significance of Assam Rifles Raising Day:

A Legacy of Service:

  • Established in 1835 as the ‘Cachar Levy,’ the Assam Rifles has evolved through numerous historical events, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the northeastern region.
  • Their contributions span from maintaining law and order to counter-insurgency operations and border security.
  • They also perform vital humanitarian aid during natural disasters.

Guardians of the Northeast:

  • The Assam Rifles are deeply integrated with the local communities, fostering trust and cooperation.
  • Their presence ensures stability and security in a region known for its diverse cultures and challenging terrain.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 24 March 2025

Q. Who has been selected for the Jnanpith Award in March 2025?

A) Gulzar
B) Vinod Kumar Shukla
C) Javed Akhtar
D) Ruskin Bond

Show Answer
Answer: B) Vinod Kumar Shukla
Renowned Hindi poet and writer Vinod Kumar Shukla has been honored with the prestigious Jnanpith Award on 22 March 2025.

Q. When is World Water Day observed annually?

A) 20 March
B) 21 March
C) 22 March
D) 23 March

Show Answer
Answer: C) 22 March
World Water Day is observed annually on 22 March to highlight the importance of freshwater and advocate for sustainable water management.

Q. When is Shaheed Diwas observed in India to honor Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru?

A) March 22
B) March 23
C) August 15
D) January 30

Show Answer
Answer: B) March 23
Shaheed Diwas, also known as Martyrs’ Day, is observed on March 23rd every year in India to pay tribute to the brave freedom fighters Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Shivaram Rajguru.

Q. Which teams did India defeat in the Men’s and Women’s Kabaddi World Cup 2025 finals?

A. Australia
B. England
C. Pakistan
D. Iran

Show Answer
Answer: B. England
On March 23, 2025, India made history by winning both the Men’s and Women’s Kabaddi World Cup titles at Wolverhampton, England.

India Triumphs at Kabaddi World Cup 2025

On March 23, 2025, India made history by winning both the Men’s and Women’s Kabaddi World Cup titles at Wolverhampton, England.

  • The Indian Men’s Team secured a thrilling victory against England with a score of 44-41.
  • The Indian Women’s Team dominated England with a commanding 57-34 win.

This tournament was special as it was the first Kabaddi World Cup held outside Asia, with matches across cities like Birmingham, Coventry, and Walsall.

With this remarkable double victory, India has once again showcased its kabaddi supremacy, following its previous wins in the 2019 World Cup in Malaysia.

Shaheed Diwas (Martyrs’ Day) on March 23

Shaheed Diwas, also known as Martyrs’ Day, is observed on March 23rd every year in India to pay tribute to the brave freedom fighters Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Shivaram Rajguru. On this day in 1931, these three revolutionary heroes were executed by the British Government in the Lahore Central Jail. Their sacrifice remains a symbol of India’s fight for independence.

Significance of Shaheed Diwas

The day serves as a solemn reminder of the sacrifices made by countless patriots who laid down their lives for the freedom of the country. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were part of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), a revolutionary organization that fought against British colonial rule. Their courage and unwavering commitment to the nation continue to inspire generations.

Key Events Leading to Their Martyrdom

  • 1928: Bhagat Singh and his associates protested against the Simon Commission, which did not include any Indian representation. During a protest, Lala Lajpat Rai was brutally assaulted by the police under the supervision of James A. Scott.
  • 1929: Seeking justice, Bhagat Singh and Rajguru assassinated J.P. Saunders, mistaking him for Scott, to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai’s death.
  • 1929: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly to protest oppressive laws and willingly courted arrest.
  • 1931: After a controversial trial, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were sentenced to death. Despite numerous appeals, they were executed on March 23rd.

World Water Day 2025: Focusing on Glacier Preservation

World Water Day is observed annually on 22 March to highlight the importance of freshwater and advocate for sustainable water management. This year’s theme, “Glacier Preservation,” emphasizes the vital role of glaciers in maintaining global freshwater supplies and calls for urgent conservation efforts amid climate change.

Established by the United Nations in 1992 during the Rio de Janeiro Conference, World Water Day was first celebrated in 1993. It serves as a reminder of the ongoing global water crisis, with 2.2 billion people lacking access to clean drinking water.

Vinod Kumar Shukla Honored with Jnanpith Award

Renowned Hindi poet and writer Vinod Kumar Shukla has been honored with the prestigious Jnanpith Award — India’s highest literary accolade!

Hailing from Raipur, Chhattisgarh, Mr. Shukla has enriched Hindi literature for over five decades. His thought-provoking works, including “Naukar Ki Kameez,” “Khilega To Dekhenge,” and “Deewar Mein Ek Khidki”, are cherished as some of the finest Hindi novels. His poetry and stories have touched hearts across generations.

The announcement was made on 22nd March 2025 in New Delhi, bringing immense pride to Chhattisgarh and the literary world. Upon receiving the award, Mr. Shukla expressed his gratitude and acknowledged the responsibility that comes with this esteemed recognition.

Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Vishnudev Sai extended his heartfelt congratulations, calling it a proud moment for the state.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 22 March 2025

Q. Which country became the first non-host nation to qualify for the 2026 FIFA World Cup?

A) South Korea
B) Australia
C) Japan
D) Iran

Show Answer
Ans: C) Japan
On March 20, 2025, Japan became the first non-host nation to qualify for the 2026 FIFA World Cup after a 2-0 victory over Bahrain.

Q. When is the International Day of Forests observed every year?

a) March 20
b) March 21
c) March 22
d) March 23

Show Answer
Answer: b) March 21
Observed annually on March 21, the International Day of Forests emphasizes the critical role forests play in sustaining ecosystems.

Q. Who was elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) from Zimbabwe in March 2025?

a) Usain Bolt
b) Kirsty Coventry
c) Michael Phelps
d) Simone Biles

Show Answer
Answer: b) Kirsty Coventry
Kirsty Coventry from Zimbabwe has been elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), becoming the first woman and the first African to hold this esteemed position.

Q. Which city has India proposed to host the 2030 Commonwealth Games?

A) Mumbai
B) Ahmedabad
C) New Delhi
D) Kolkata

Show Answer
Answer: B) Ahmedabad
India has officially submitted its expression of interest to host the Centenary Commonwealth Games in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, in 2030.

Q. Which major rule change has been introduced in IPL 2025 regarding ball shining?

A) Only synthetic balls will be used
B) Bowlers can shine the ball using saliva
C) Bowlers cannot shine the ball at all
D) Only spinners are allowed to shine the ball

Show Answer
Answer: B) Bowlers can shine the ball using saliva
Indian Premier League 2025: Saliva Ban Lifted: Bowlers can now shine the ball using saliva.

Indian Premier League 2025 Begins: What’s New in the 18th Edition?

The 18th edition of the Indian Premier League (IPL) kicks off on 22nd March 2025 with defending champions Kolkata Knight Riders taking on Royal Challengers Bengaluru at Eden Gardens at 7:30 PM IST.

The opening ceremony will feature dazzling performances by Disha Patani, Shreya Ghoshal, and Karan Aujla. With 10 teams competing in 74 matches until the final on 25th May, fans can expect non-stop cricketing action!

📌 Key Updates for IPL 2025:

  • Saliva Ban Lifted: Bowlers can now shine the ball using saliva.
  • Ball Change Rule: Teams can request a ball change after the 10th over due to dew.
  • New Code of Conduct: A demerit points system with suspension risks will be enforced.
  • Expanded DRS: Height-based no-ball and wide-ball reviews are now available.

Commonwealth Games 2030 in Ahmedabad : India Bids to Host

India has officially submitted its expression of interest to host the Centenary Commonwealth Games in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, in 2030. This significant step marks India’s growing presence on the global sports stage.

🌟 Why Ahmedabad?

  • The city has showcased its organizational capabilities through events like the 2023 ICC Men’s Cricket World Cup Final and major concerts.
  • World-class infrastructure and vibrant local support make Ahmedabad a prime choice.

👤 Led by PT Usha

  • Commonwealth Games Association of India President PT Usha confirmed the bid, which has been acknowledged by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF).

📈 Strengthening India’s Sports Ambitions

  • Hosting the 2030 Games would bolster India’s position in global sports management.
  • The bid also complements India’s larger vision of securing the 2036 Olympic Games.

🚀 With other potential hosts like Singapore and Malaysia stepping back, Ahmedabad is emerging as a strong contender.

Kirsty Coventry Elected President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)

Kirsty Coventry from Zimbabwe has been elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), becoming the first woman and the first African to hold this esteemed position. 🥇

🏊‍♀️ A celebrated Olympian with seven medals, Coventry’s remarkable leadership journey includes her role as Zimbabwe’s Minister of Youth, Sport, Arts, and Recreation and her tenure as Chair of the IOC Athletes’ Commission. She has consistently championed athlete welfare, grassroots sports development, and fair competition.

📍 Elected at the 144th IOC Session in Greece, Coventry won a decisive 49 out of 97 votes in the first round. In her acceptance speech, she emphasized her commitment to fostering inclusivity, sustainability, and mental health support for athletes.

💡 Coventry’s leadership comes at a critical time, as the IOC navigates challenges like gender equality, environmental sustainability, and global sports development. Her presidency is expected to bring a fresh perspective and drive positive change within the Olympic movement.

International Day of Forests 2025: Theme – Forests and Food

Observed annually on March 21, the International Day of Forests emphasizes the critical role forests play in sustaining ecosystems. This year’s theme, “Forests and Food,” highlights the connection between forests, food security, biodiversity, and climate resilience.

🌱 Forest Protection Initiatives in India

India has implemented various programs to safeguard forests while supporting livelihoods and biodiversity. Key initiatives include:

1️⃣ National Agroforestry Policy (2014)

  • Promotes tree planting alongside crops for enhanced agricultural productivity.
  • Supports soil fertility and offers additional income for farmers.

2️⃣ Green India Mission (GIM)

  • Part of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
  • Aims to expand and improve 10 million hectares of forest and non-forest land.
  • Focuses on biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, and ecosystem restoration.

3️⃣ Forest Fire Prevention & Management Scheme (FFPM)

  • Provides state support to prevent and manage forest fires.
  • Utilizes remote sensing, GPS, and GIS technologies for real-time fire detection.

4️⃣ Van Dhan Yojana (2018)

  • Enhances tribal livelihoods through sustainable forest produce collection and value addition.
  • Establishes Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs) for skill training, processing, and marketing of Minor Forest Produce (MFPs).

Important Days GK MCQs for Competitive Exams

Important National and International Days GK MCQs Questions for Competitive Exams.
Medium: English

Important Days and Dates GK MCQs

Question 1: When is Republic Day celebrated?

A) 15th August
B) 2nd October
C) 26th January
D) 14th November

Answer
Answer: C) 26th January
Explanation: Republic Day is celebrated on 26th January in India because the Indian Constitution was implemented on this day in 1950.

Question 2: When is Independence Day celebrated?

A) 15th August
B) 26th January
C) 2nd October
D) 5th September

Answer
Answer: A) 15th August
Explanation: India gained independence from British rule on 15th August 1947, so this day is celebrated as Independence Day.

Question 3: When is Gandhi Jayanti celebrated?

A) 5th September
B) 14th November
C) 2nd October
D) 1st May

Answer
Answer: C) 2nd October
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869, so this day is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti.

Question 4: When is Teacher’s Day celebrated?

A) 5th September
B) 14th November
C) 2nd October
D) 26th January

Answer
Answer: A) 5th September
Explanation: Teacher’s Day is celebrated on 5th September to honor Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, India’s first Vice President and second President.

Question 5: When is Children’s Day celebrated?

A) 2nd October
B) 14th November
C) 26th January
D) 1st May

Answer
Answer: B) 14th November
Explanation: Children’s Day is celebrated on 14th November, the birth anniversary of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, reflecting his love for children.

Question 6: When is National Unity Day celebrated?

A) 31st October
B) 8th March
C) 5th September
D) 1st July

Answer
Answer: A) 31st October
Explanation: National Unity Day is celebrated on 31st October to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Question 7: When is Constitution Day celebrated?

A) 26th November
B) 15th August
C) 26th January
D) 14th April

Answer
Answer: A) 26th November
Explanation: Constitution Day is celebrated on 26th November as the Indian Constitution was adopted on this day in 1949.

Question 8: When is Doctor’s Day celebrated?

A) 1st July
B) 5th September
C) 14th November
D) 21st June

Answer
Answer: A) 1st July
Explanation: Doctor’s Day is celebrated on 1st July in honor of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, a renowned physician and former Chief Minister of West Bengal.

Question 9: When is International Women’s Day celebrated?

A) 8th March
B) 14th November
C) 31st October
D) 1st May

Answer
Answer: A) 8th March
Explanation: International Women’s Day is celebrated on 8th March to raise awareness of women’s rights and equality.

Question 10: When is World Environment Day celebrated?

A) 22nd April
B) 5th June
C) 1st July
D) 14th November

Answer
Answer: B) 5th June
Explanation: World Environment Day is celebrated on 5th June to promote awareness about environmental conservation.

Question 11: When is International Workers’ Day celebrated?

A) 1 May
B) 5 June
C) 31 May
D) 2 October

Answer
Answer: A) 1 May
Explanation: International Workers’ Day is celebrated on 1 May to honor the rights and contributions of workers.

Question 12: When is National Science Day celebrated?

A) 28 February
B) 14 March
C) 5 June
D) 12 January

Answer
Answer: A) 28 February
Explanation: National Science Day is celebrated on 28 February to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by Dr. C.V. Raman.

Question 13: When is International Yoga Day celebrated?

A) 21 June
B) 1 July
C) 15 August
D) 5 September

Answer
Answer: A) 21 June
Explanation: International Yoga Day is celebrated on 21 June to promote the benefits of yoga.

Question 14: When is National Youth Day celebrated?

A) 12 January
B) 5 September
C) 2 October
D) 26 January

Answer
Answer: A) 12 January
Explanation: National Youth Day is celebrated on 12 January in honor of the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.

Question 15: When is World AIDS Day celebrated?

A) 1 December
B) 14 November
C) 5 June
D) 31 March

Answer
Answer: A) 1 December
Explanation: World AIDS Day is celebrated on 1 December to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS.

Question 16: When is World Water Day celebrated?

A) 22 March
B) 5 June
C) 1 May
D) 8 March

Answer
Answer: A) 22 March
Explanation: World Water Day is celebrated on 22 March to highlight the importance of water conservation and management.

Question 17: When is National Sports Day celebrated?

A) 29 August
B) 24 September
C) 15 August
D) 5 July

Answer
Answer: A) 29 August
Explanation: National Sports Day is celebrated on 29 August to honor the birth anniversary of hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand.

Question 18: When is World Population Day celebrated?

A) 11 July
B) 1 May
C) 14 November
D) 2 October

Answer
Answer: A) 11 July
Explanation: World Population Day is celebrated on 11 July to raise awareness about population-related issues and challenges.

Question 19: When is Earth Day celebrated?

A) 22 April
B) 5 June
C) 31 May
D) 1 July

Answer
Answer: A) 22 April
Explanation: Earth Day is celebrated on 22 April to raise awareness about environmental protection and sustainable development.

Question 20: When is International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women celebrated?

A) 25 November
B) 8 March
C) 10 December
D) 5 June

Answer
Answer: A) 25 November
Explanation: The International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women is celebrated on 25 November to aim at ending violence against women.

Question 21: When is World Book Day celebrated?

A) 23 April
B) 22 March
C) 1 May
D) 14 November

Answer
Answer: A) 23 April
Explanation: 23 April is celebrated as World Book and Copyright Day to raise awareness about literature and reading.

Question 22: When is World Mother’s Day celebrated?

A) Second Sunday of May
B) 21 June
C) 14 November
D) 31 October

Answer
Answer: A) Second Sunday of May
Explanation: Mother’s Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May in honor of mothers.

Question 23: When is World Peace Day celebrated?

A) 21 September
B) 1 May
C) 8 March
D) 31 December

Answer
Answer: A) 21 September
Explanation: 21 September is celebrated as World Peace Day to dedicate efforts towards peace and non-violence.

Question 24: When is World Human Rights Day celebrated?

A) 10 December
B) 1 May
C) 5 June
D) 14 November

Answer
Answer: A) 10 December
Explanation: 10 December is observed as World Human Rights Day to honor the United Nations’ declaration on human rights.

Question 25: When is International Labour Organization Day celebrated?

A) 28 April
B) 1 May
C) 8 March
D) 22 March

Answer
Answer: A) 28 April
Explanation: 28 April is observed as International Labour Organization Day to raise awareness about workplace safety and health.

Question 26: When is World Food Day celebrated?

A) 16 October
B) 1 July
C) 22 April
D) 5 September

Answer
Answer: A) 16 October
Explanation: 16 October is celebrated as World Food Day to raise awareness about food security and hunger issues.

Question 27: When is National Safety Day celebrated?

A) 4 March
B) 15 August
C) 26 January
D) 5 September

Answer
Answer: A) 4 March
Explanation: 4 March is celebrated as National Safety Day to spread awareness about industrial safety.

Question 28: When is World Red Cross Day celebrated?

A) 8 May
B) 14 June
C) 1 December
D) 16 October

Answer
Answer: A) 8 May
Explanation: 8 May is observed as World Red Cross Day to honor the work of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

Question 29: When is World Blood Donor Day celebrated?

A) 14 June
B) 1 July
C) 5 June
D) 8 March

Answer
Answer: A) 14 June
Explanation: 14 June is observed as World Blood Donor Day to raise awareness about the importance of blood donation and saving lives.

Question 30: When is International Nurses Day celebrated?

A) 12 May
B) 5 July
C) 14 November
D) 31 August

Answer
Answer: A) 12 May
Explanation: 12 May is celebrated as International Nurses Day on the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale.

Question 31: When is World TB (Tuberculosis) Day celebrated?

A) 24 March
B) 5 June
C) 14 November
D) 1 July

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 24 March
Explanation: World TB Day is celebrated on 24 March to raise awareness about tuberculosis disease.

Question 32: When is World Tiger Day celebrated?

A) 29 July
B) 5 June
C) 1 May
D) 21 June

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 29 July
Explanation: World Tiger Day is celebrated on 29 July to raise awareness for tiger conservation.

Question 33: When is World Consumer Rights Day celebrated?

A) 15 March
B) 1 May
C) 2 October
D) 24 January

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 15 March
Explanation: World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated on 15 March to promote consumer rights.

Question 34: When is International Literacy Day celebrated?

A) 8 September
B) 5 June
C) 31 May
D) 1 July

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 8 September
Explanation: International Literacy Day is celebrated on 8 September to promote the importance of education and literacy.

Question 35: When is World Health Day celebrated?

A) 7 April
B) 5 June
C) 31 May
D) 1 December

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 7 April
Explanation: World Health Day is celebrated on 7 April, commemorating the foundation of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Question 36: When is World Hepatitis Day celebrated?

A) 28 July
B) 5 June
C) 14 November
D) 21 June

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 28 July
Explanation: World Hepatitis Day is celebrated on 28 July to raise awareness about hepatitis.

Question 37: When is World Malaria Day celebrated?

A) 25 April
B) 7 April
C) 1 May
D) 5 June

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 25 April
Explanation: World Malaria Day is celebrated on 25 April to raise awareness about malaria.

Question 38: When is International Family Day celebrated?

A) 15 May
B) 5 June
C) 14 April
D) 8 March

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 15 May
Explanation: International Family Day is celebrated on 15 May to highlight the importance of families.

Question 39: When is World Cancer Day celebrated?

A) 4 February
B) 5 June
C) 31 May
D) 8 March

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: A) 4 February
Explanation: World Cancer Day is celebrated on 4 February to raise awareness about cancer.

Question 40: When is National Space Day celebrated in India?

A) 20 July
B) 23 August
C) 15 September
D) 4 October

Answer
Answer]
Correct Answer: B) 23 August
Explanation: National Space Day is celebrated on 23 August to highlight India’s achievements in space exploration.

Question 41: When is National Voters’ Day celebrated?

A) 25th January
B) 1st July
C) 14th November
D) 31st May

Answer
Answer: A) 25th January
Explanation: National Voters’ Day is celebrated on 25th January to promote the importance of voting.

Question 42: When is World Sight Day celebrated?

A) Second Thursday of October
B) 5th June
C) 14th November
D) 1st May

Answer
Answer: A) Second Thursday of October
Explanation: World Sight Day is celebrated on the second Thursday of October to raise awareness about eye health.

Question 43: When is International Day of the Girl Child celebrated?

A) 11th October
B) 14th November
C) 8th March
D) 21st June

Answer
Answer: A) 11th October
Explanation: International Day of the Girl Child is celebrated on 11th October to raise awareness about girls’ rights and education.

Question 44: When is Constitution Maker Day celebrated?

A) 26th November
B) 14th April
C) 15th August
D) 2nd October

Answer
Answer: B) 14th April
Explanation: Constitution Maker Day is celebrated on 14th April, the birth anniversary of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Indian Constitution.

Question 45: When is Universal Children’s Day celebrated?

A) 20th November
B) 14th November
C) 2nd October
D) 1st May

Answer
Answer: A) 20th November
Explanation: Universal Children’s Day is celebrated on 20th November to raise awareness about children’s rights and welfare.

Question 46: When is International Day of Older Persons celebrated?

A) 1st October
B) 14th November
C) 2nd October
D) 5th September

Answer
Answer: A) 1st October
Explanation: International Day of Older Persons is celebrated on 1st October to honor the elderly and reflect on society’s responsibilities toward them.

Question 47: When is International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction celebrated?

A) Second Wednesday of October
B) 5th June
C) 31st May
D) 1st July

Answer
Answer: A) Second Wednesday of October
Explanation: International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction is celebrated on the second Wednesday of October to promote disaster preparedness.

Question 48: When is Human Rights Day celebrated?

A) 10th December
B) 1st July
C) 14th November
D) 22nd March

Answer
Answer: A) 10th December
Explanation: Human Rights Day is celebrated on 10th December to raise awareness about human rights and their protection.

Question 49: When is World Heart Day celebrated?

A) 29th September
B) 5th June
C) 31st May
D) 14th November

Answer
Answer: A) 29th September
Explanation: World Heart Day is celebrated on 29th September to raise awareness about heart health and related diseases.

Question 50: When is World Hearing Day celebrated?

A) 3rd March
B) 5th June
C) 8th March
D) 14th November

Answer
Answer: A) 3rd March
Explanation: World Hearing Day is celebrated on 3rd March to raise awareness about hearing health.

Question 51: When is World Tourism Day celebrated?

A) 27th September
B) 1st May
C) 5th June
D) 14th November

Answer
Answer: A) 27th September]
Explanation: World Tourism Day is celebrated on 27th September to highlight the importance of tourism and the preservation of cultural heritage.

Question 52: When is World Wildlife Day celebrated?

A) 3rd March
B) 5th June
C) 1st May
D) 21st June

Answer
Answer: A) 3rd March]
Explanation: World Wildlife Day is celebrated on 3rd March to raise awareness about wildlife conservation and biodiversity.

Question 53: When is Hindi Day celebrated?

A) 14th September
B) 15th August
C) 26th January
D) 2nd October

Answer
Answer: A) 14th September]
Explanation: Hindi Day is celebrated on 14th September as on this day in 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi as the official language of the country.

Question 54: When is Partition Horrors Remembrance Day celebrated?

A) 15th August
B) 14th August
C) 26th January
D) 2nd October

Answer
Answer: B) 14th August]
Explanation: Partition Horrors Remembrance Day, also known as Partition Horrors Memorial Day, is observed on 14th August every year in India.

Question 55: When is Kargil Vijay Diwas celebrated?

A) 26th June
B) 26th July
C) 26th August
D) 26th September

Answer
Answer: B) 26th July]
Explanation: Kargil Vijay Diwas is celebrated on 26th July every year to commemorate the success of “Operation Vijay” in 1999, during which the Indian Army recaptured strategic positions in the Kargil sector from Pakistani intruders.

Question 56: When is National Navy Day celebrated in India?

A) 26th January
B) 15th August
C) 4th December
D) 10th November

Answer
Answer: C) 4th December]
Explanation: National Navy Day is celebrated on 4th December in India to commemorate the success of “Operation Trident” during the 1971 Indo-Pak war, when the Indian Navy attacked Pakistan’s Karachi port.

Question 57: When is International Ozone Day celebrated?

A) 5th June
B) 16th September
C) 22nd April
D) 10th December

Answer
Answer: B) 16th September]
Explanation: International Ozone Day is observed on 16th September every year to mark the adoption of the “Montreal Protocol,” which represents global efforts to protect the ozone layer.

Question 58: When is Farmer’s Day celebrated in India?

A) 26th January
B) 15th August
C) 23rd December
D) 5th June

Answer
Answer: C) 23rd December]
Explanation: Farmer’s Day is celebrated on 23rd December in India to honor the contributions of farmers. The day marks the birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh, the 5th Prime Minister of India.

Question 59: When is Biodiversity Day celebrated?

A) 22nd May
B) 5th July
C) 12th March
D) 28th February

Answer
Answer: A) 22nd May]
Explanation: Biodiversity Day is celebrated on 22nd May every year. It marks the anniversary of the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit.

Question 60: When is “Constitution Murder Day” observed?

A) 26th January
B) 25th June
C) 15th August
D) 2nd October

Answer
Answer: B) 25th June]
Explanation: The Government of India declared that 25th June will be observed as “Constitution Murder Day” to honor those who opposed and fought against the injustice during the Emergency period.

Japan Secures Spot in 2026 FIFA World Cup!

On March 20, 2025, Japan became the first non-host nation to qualify for the 2026 FIFA World Cup after a 2-0 victory over Bahrain. Goals by Daichi Kamada and Takefusa Kubo sealed the win, marking Japan’s eighth consecutive World Cup appearance since 1998.

With this win, Japan has claimed one of the two automatic qualification spots from Group C in the Asian qualifiers, with three matches still remaining. The expanded 48-team format will see the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) sending at least eight teams to the tournament, co-hosted by Canada, Mexico, and the United States.

Other Teams to Watch

  • Australia is in a strong position in Group C.
  • Iran leads Group A, followed by Uzbekistan and the UAE.
  • South Korea tops Group B, with Iraq and Jordan trailing.

🚀 The qualification process continues until June 2025, leading to a fourth round and an inter-confederation play-off offering one more Asian nation a final shot at qualifying.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 21 March 2025

Q. Which four sacred shrines make up the Char Dham Yatra?

a) Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath, Badrinath
b) Amarnath, Vaishno Devi, Kedarnath, Gangotri
c) Badrinath, Kedarnath, Haridwar, Rishikesh
d) Yamunotri, Vaishno Devi, Gangotri, Kedarnath

Show Answer
Ans: a) Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath, Badrinath
The Char Dham Yatra is four sacred shrines in Uttarakhand: Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, and Badrinath. The Yatra begins with the opening of the Gangotri and Yamunotri Dhams on April 30, 2025.

Q. Where is the ISTAF Sepak Takraw 2025 World Cup held in March 2025?

a) Mumbai
b) Patna
c) Delhi
d) Chennai

Show Answer
Ans: b) Patna
Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar inaugurated ISTAF “Sepak Takraw 2025” World Cup in Patna on March 20, 2025.

Q. Which ancient religion is associated with the celebration of Navroz?

a) Hinduism
b) Buddhism
c) Zoroastrianism
d) Jainism

Show Answer
Ans: c) Zoroastrianism
The Parsi New Year, also known as Navroz or Nowruz, is observed on March 20, 2025. This ancient festival has its roots in Zoroastrianism, one of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions, founded by Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Persia (modern-day Iran).

Parsi New Year, Navroz 2025 : Celebrated on March 20

The Parsi New Year, also known as Navroz or Nowruz, is observed on March 20, coinciding with the spring equinox, a time when day and night are of equal length. This ancient festival has its roots in Zoroastrianism, one of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions, founded by Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Persia (modern-day Iran).

History and Significance

Navroz, meaning “new day” in Persian, has been celebrated for over 3,000 years. It marks the beginning of the Persian calendar and symbolizes the triumph of good over evil, as well as the renewal of nature. The festival is named Jamshedi Navroz in honor of King Jamshed, who is credited with introducing the Parsi calendar.

The Parsi community in India, which migrated from Persia during the Islamic invasion in the 7th century, has preserved this tradition with great fervor. Navroz is recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, highlighting its cultural and historical importance.

ISTAF Sepak Takraw 2025 World Cup in Patna: March 20–25

Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar inaugurated ISTAF “Sepak Takraw 2025” World Cup in Patna on March 20, 2025. The tournament, organized by the International Sepak Takraw Federation (ISTAF), is taking place at the Pataliputra Sports Complex Indoor Stadium in Kankarbagh. This six-day event, running from March 20 to March 25, 2025, has brought together teams from 20 countries, including India, Thailand, Singapore, and others.

Highlights of the Event

  • 150 Matches: The tournament features a total of 150 matches across various categories, including quad, regular, doubles, and mixed doubles.
  • India’s Performance: The Indian women’s team has already made a strong start, defeating China and Iran in the quad matches.
  • Global Participation: Countries like Thailand, Indonesia, Japan, and Brazil are showcasing their talent in this unique sport.

About Sepak Takraw

Sepak Takraw, often referred to as “kick volleyball,” is a dynamic sport with roots in Southeast Asia. Players use their feet, head, knees, and chest to hit a rattan or synthetic ball over a net. The game has gained international recognition, especially after being included in the Asian Games.

Char Dham Yatra 2025: The Sacred Journey Begins on April 30

The Char Dham Yatra is a revered pilgrimage in India, encompassing visits to four sacred shrines in Uttarakhand: Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath, and Badrinath. These sites are nestled in the Himalayas and hold immense spiritual significance in Hinduism. The journey is believed to cleanse the soul and pave the way for salvation. The Yatra traditionally begins at Yamunotri, followed by Gangotri, Kedarnath, and concludes at Badrinath.

Registration for Char Dham Yatra

To participate in the Yatra, registration is mandatory. Here’s how you can register:

Online Registration:

  • Visit the official website: registrationandtouristcare.uk.gov.in.
  • Create an account and provide your personal details, including a valid ID proof (Aadhaar, Passport, etc.).
  • Select your preferred dates and complete the process by downloading your e-pass.

Offline Registration:

  • Visit designated counters in cities like Haridwar, Rishikesh, or Dehradun.
  • Provide your documents and receive a QR code or registration letter.

The Yatra begins with the opening of the Gangotri and Yamunotri Dhams on April 30, followed by Kedarnath on May 2 and Badrinath on May 4.

Chemistry GK MCQs for Competitive Exams

Chemistry GK MCQs for Competitive Exams for free online practice. Collection of Important previous year questions for preparation of upcoming SSC,RRB examinations.

Chemistry GK MCQs

Question 1: Which of the following dietary components provides the maximum energy per gram to humans?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Fats
C) Fibers
D) Proteins

Answer
Answer: B) Fats]
Explanation: Fats are the primary source of energy in our diet. 1 gram of fat provides 9.5 kilocalories of energy, which is the highest among food components.

Question 2: Which of the following is a noble gas?

A) Ozone
B) Nitrogen
C) Hydrogen
D) Helium

Answer
Answer: D) Helium]
Explanation: A noble gas is one that typically does not participate in chemical reactions and is always available in a free state.

Question 3: Which of the following elements belongs to the d-block of the modern periodic table?

A) Na
B) Fe
C) Ca
D) Mg

Answer
Answer: B) Fe]
Explanation: From the electronic configurations of elements, it is evident that Fe belongs to the d-block because its outermost electron occupies the d-orbital.

Question 4: According to the modern periodic table, which element has the atomic number 30?

A) Co
B) Ni
C) Zn
D) Fe

Answer
Answer: C) Zn]
Explanation: Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.

Question 5: Which iron ore contains the highest amount of iron?

A) Magnetite
B) Hematite
C) Limonite
D) Siderite

Answer
Answer: A) Magnetite]
Explanation: Magnetite contains the highest iron content, followed by other ores in the listed order.

Question 6: Who was awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the neutron?

A) Chadwick
B) Rutherford
C) Niels Bohr
D) Roentgen

Answer
Answer: A) Chadwick]
Explanation: Sir James Chadwick, a British physicist, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.

Question 7: What is the chemical name of Plaster of Paris?

A) Calcium hypochlorite
B) Calcium carbonate
C) Calcium oxide
D) Calcium sulfate hemihydrate

Answer
Answer: D) Calcium sulfate hemihydrate]
Explanation: Plaster of Paris is used for setting broken bones, making sculptures and toys, and producing chalk, among other uses.

Question 8: What is the chemical formula of washing soda?

A) Na2SO4
B) Ca(OH)2
C) Na2CO3 . 10H2O
D) NaHCO3

Answer
Answer: C) Na2CO3 . 10H2O]
Explanation: Sodium carbonate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2CO3. It is commonly known as washing soda or soda ash and is used for laundry due to its alkaline nature.

Question 9: In a water molecule, what is the ratio of the masses of hydrogen and oxygen?

A) 1:4
B) 1:8
C) 1:16
D) 1:2

Answer
Answer: B) 1:8]
Explanation: The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1 u, and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 u. Since a water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, their mass ratio is 2:16 or 1:8.

Question 10: α particles are doubly charged ions of ____________.

A) Beryllium
B) Hydrogen
C) Helium
D) Lithium

Answer
Answer: C) Helium]
Explanation: α particles consist of two protons and two neutrons. They are doubly charged helium ions.

Question 11: What is the atomic number of Copper?

A) 29
B) 26
C) 30
D) 32

Answer
Answer: A) 29
Explanation: The atomic number of Copper is 29.

Question 12: What is the most common isotope of Oxygen?

A) O-16
B) O-17
C) O-18
D) O-19

Answer
Answer: A) O-16
Explanation: The most common isotope of Oxygen is O-16, which is found in nature in the highest abundance.

Question 13: What is the chemical name of NH₃ (Ammonia)?

A) Nitrogen Trihydride
B) Hydrogen Nitride
C) Nitrogen Hydride
D) Hydrogen Trinitride

Answer
Answer: C) Nitrogen Hydride
Explanation: NH₃ is known as Nitrogen Hydride, commonly referred to as Ammonia.

Question 14: What is the chemical symbol for Mercury?

A) Hg
B) Pb
C) Au
D) Ag

Answer
Answer: A) Hg
Explanation: The chemical symbol for Mercury is Hg.

Question 15: Which acid is a harmful enzyme?

A) Hydrochloric Acid
B) Sulfuric Acid
C) Nitric Acid
D) Hydrofluoric Acid

Answer
Answer: A) Hydrochloric Acid
Explanation: Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is essential for digestion in the human stomach, but at high concentrations, it can be harmful.

Question 16: What is the approximate pH value of water?

A) 1
B) 7
C) 14
D) 9

Answer
Answer: B) 7
Explanation: The pH value of water is around 7, making it neutral.

Question 17: Which element exhibits metallic properties?

A) Hydrogen
B) Oxygen
C) Calcium
D) Sulfur

Answer
Answer: C) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium is a metal and shows properties similar to other metals.

Question 18: Which chemical is a strong acid?

A) Ethanol
B) Acetic Acid
C) Sulfuric Acid
D) Ammonia

Answer
Answer: C) Sulfuric Acid
Explanation: Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄) is a very strong acid.

Question 19: What is formed when carbon dioxide (CO₂) dissolves in water?

A) Carbonic Acid
B) Hydrochloric Acid
C) Sulfuric Acid
D) Nitric Acid

Answer
Answer: A) Carbonic Acid
Explanation: When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, it forms carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).

Question 20: Which element has the highest relative atomic mass?

A) Hydrogen
B) Helium
C) Lithium
D) Uranium

Answer
Answer: D) Uranium
Explanation: Uranium has the highest relative atomic mass.

Question 21: Which element remains in a gaseous state at room temperature?

A) Iron
B) Sodium
C) Nitrogen
D) Gold

Answer
Answer: C) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen remains in a gaseous state at room temperature.

Question 22: Which metal is the lightest?

A) Lithium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Magnesium

Answer
Answer: A) Lithium
Explanation: Lithium is the lightest metal.

Question 23: What is formed when hydrochloric acid and ammonia react?

A) Ammonium Chloride
B) Ammonium Hydroxide
C) Hydrogen Chloride
D) Hydrochloric Acid

Answer
Answer: A) Ammonium Chloride
Explanation: Hydrochloric acid and ammonia combine to form ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl).

Question 24: In chemistry, what does ‘pH’ stand for?

A) Measurement of acidity
B) Measurement of basicity
C) Measurement of gaseous state
D) Measurement of solid state

Answer
Answer: A) Measurement of acidity
Explanation: pH measures acidity and basicity.

Question 25: Which acid is a natural acid found in fruits?

A) Sulfuric Acid
B) Acetic Acid
C) Citric Acid
D) Hydrochloric Acid

Answer
Answer: C) Citric Acid
Explanation: Citric acid is found in fruits, especially lemons and oranges.

Question 26: Which element has only one electron in its outer shell?

A) Helium
B) Hydrogen
C) Lithium
D) Boron

Answer
Answer: B) Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen has only one electron in its outer shell.

Question 27: What is the atomic number of Iron (Fe)?

A) 20
B) 26
C) 29
D) 32

Answer
Answer: B) 26
Explanation: The atomic number of Iron (Fe) is 26.

Question 28: What is the chemical symbol for Silver?

A) Ag
B) Au
C) Pb
D) Hg

Answer
Answer: A) Ag
Explanation: The chemical symbol for silver is Ag.

Question 29: Which element is commonly found as a diatomic molecule?

A) Hydrogen
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Iron

Answer
Answer: A) Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen is commonly found as H₂.

Question 30: Which gas is produced during the oxidation and burning of water?

A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Carbon Dioxide

Answer
Answer: B) Hydrogen
Explanation: Hydrogen gas is produced during the electrolysis of water.

Question 31: Which acid is predominant in acid rain?

A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Sulfuric acid
C) Citric acid
D) Acetic acid

Answer
Answer: B) Sulfuric acid
Explanation: Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) plays a major role in acid rain.

Question 32: Which chemical is used as a pesticide?

A) Cysteine
B) Chloroform
C) DDT
D) Aniline

Answer
Answer: C) DDT
Explanation: DDT is used as a pesticide.

Question 33: Which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere?

A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Argon

Answer
Answer: B) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen makes up 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 34: Which element is most commonly used as a salt?

A) Sodium
B) Calcium
C) Potassium
D) Iron

Answer
Answer: A) Sodium
Explanation: Sodium is the main element used in common salts like table salt (NaCl).

Question 35: What compound is formed by the combination of oxygen and hydrogen?

A) Methane
B) Ammonia
C) Water
D) Carbon dioxide

Answer
Answer: C) Water
Explanation: Water (H₂O) is formed by the combination of oxygen and hydrogen.

Question 36: Which element is used in the production of atomic bombs?

A) Plutonium
B) Sodium
C) Boron
D) Magnesium

Answer
Answer: A) Plutonium
Explanation: Plutonium (Pu) is used in the production of atomic bombs.

Question 37: Which substance is used to clean teeth?

A) Calcium carbonate
B) Sodium chloride
C) Silica
D) Glycerine

Answer
Answer: C) Silica
Explanation: Silica is used in toothpaste for cleaning teeth.

Question 38: Which substance is called ‘white poison’ in the diet?

A) Salt
B) Sugar
C) Sodium bicarbonate
D) Calcium

Answer
Answer: B) Sugar
Explanation: Sugar is often referred to as ‘white poison’ due to its excessive consumption leading to health issues.

Question 39: Which chemical is used to preserve food?

A) Acetic acid
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Nitric acid

Answer
Answer: B) Sulfur dioxide
Explanation: Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is used to preserve food.

Question 40: Which substance is a good conductor of electricity?

A) Wood
B) Plastic
C) Copper
D) Rubber

Answer
Answer: C) Copper
Explanation: Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity.

Question 41: Which compound is found in oily color?

A) Carbon dioxide
B) Potassium permanganate
C) Water
D) Sodium chloride

Answer
Answer: B) Potassium permanganate
Explanation: Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) has an oily color.

Question 42: What is the chemical symbol of Helium?

A) He
B) H
C) Hg
D) H₂

Answer
Answer: A) He
Explanation: The chemical symbol for Helium is He.

Question 43: Which chemical is used to extinguish fire?

A) Carbon dioxide
B) Hydrogen
C) Ammonia
D) Sulfur

Answer
Answer: A) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is used for extinguishing fires.

Question 44: Which element plays a significant role in DNA as an important biomolecule?

A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen

Answer
Answer: C) Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen plays an essential role in the structure of DNA.

Question 45: Which element is used in radiotherapy?

A) Iodine
B) Sodium
C) Boron
D) Calcium

Answer
Answer: A) Iodine
Explanation: Iodine is used in radiotherapy.

Question 46: Which chemical is used in burning and also found in fireworks?

A) Nitrogen
B) Potassium nitrate
C) Sodium chloride
D) Hydrochloric acid

Answer
Answer: B) Potassium nitrate
Explanation: Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) is used in burning and in fireworks.

Question 47: Which color indicator is used to identify acidic properties?

A) Red
B) Blue
C) Green
D) Yellow

Answer
Answer: A) Red
Explanation: Red color indicator is used to identify acidic properties.

Question 48: Which substance dissolves in water but not in oil?

A) Salt
B) Sugar
C) Flour
D) Fat

Answer
Answer: A) Salt
Explanation: Salt (sodium chloride) dissolves in water but not in oil.

Question 49: What is the most common example of a hydrogen bond?

A) Ammonia
B) Water
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Methane

Answer
Answer: B) Water
Explanation: Water is the most common example of hydrogen bonding, where hydrogen of one water molecule bonds with the oxygen of another water molecule.

Question 50: Which element is used in batteries?

A) Lithium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Potassium

Answer
Answer: A) Lithium
Explanation: Lithium is used in batteries.

Question 51: Which element is used in making steel?

A) Carbon
B) Silicon
C) Zinc
D) Platinum

Answer
Answer: A) Carbon
Explanation: Carbon is used in making steel.

Question 52: Which element plays an important role in biological instruments?

A) Iron
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Gold

Answer
Answer: C) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium plays a vital role in biological structures such as bones and teeth.

Question 53: Which metal is used in galvanization to protect iron from corrosion and rust?

A) Chromium
B) Zinc
C) Rhodium
D) Tin

Answer
Answer: B) Zinc
Explanation: Zinc is used in galvanization to protect iron from corrosion and rust.

Question 54: Bronze is an alloy of which of the following?

A) Copper and Zinc
B) Tin and Zinc
C) Copper and Tin
D) Iron and Zinc

Answer
Answer: C) Copper and Tin

Question 55: What is the bond called when electrons are shared between two elements?

A) Covalent bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Ionic bond
D) Dative bond

Answer
Answer: A) Covalent bond
Explanation: A covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared between the atoms of the elements.

Question 56: The isotope of which element is used in cancer treatment?

A) Cobalt
B) Nickel
C) Aluminum
D) Iron

Answer
Answer: A) Cobalt
Explanation: Cobalt isotopes are used in cancer treatment.

Question 57: A naturally occurring organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CO is?

A) Acetophenone
B) Benzophenone
C) Propiophenone
D) Methcathinone

Answer
Answer: B) Benzophenone

Question 58: What is the atomic mass of sodium?

A) 13
B) 23
C) 40
D) 12

Answer
Answer: B) 23
Explanation: The atomic number of sodium is 11, and it has 12 neutrons, making its atomic mass 11 + 12 = 23.

Question 59: Which gas is produced when lead nitrate is heated?

A) Nitrogen dioxide
B) Lead dioxide
C) Lead oxide
D) Nitrogen oxide

Answer
Answer: A) Nitrogen dioxide
Explanation: When lead nitrate is heated, it decomposes to produce lead monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen.

Question 60: Which chemical element from group 18 of the periodic table is produced in soil and rocks due to the natural radioactive decay of uranium?

A) Radon
B) Neon
C) Krypton
D) Oganesson

Answer
Answer: A) Radon
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