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  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 20 September 2025

    Q. What is the theme of the International Day of Peace 2025, observed on 21 September 2025?
    a) Building Bridges for Peace
    b) Act Now for a Peaceful World
    c) Climate Action for Peace
    d) Youth for Harmony

    Show Answer
    Ans: b) Act Now for a Peaceful World

    Q. The Indian Army commemorated the diamond jubilee of which war in September 2025?
    a) Kargil War
    b) 1971 India-Pakistan War
    c) 1965 India-Pakistan War
    d) World War II

    Show Answer
    Answer: c) 1965 India-Pakistan War

    Q. Who has been appointed as the new Director General of the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) in September 2025?
    a) Rahul Rasgotra
    b) Praveer Ranjan
    c) Praveen Kumar
    d) Rajwinder Singh Bhatti

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Praveer Ranjan

    Q. Which paramilitary force does Praveen Kumar take charge of from October 2025?
    a) CRPF
    b) BSF
    c) ITBP
    d) CISF

    Show Answer
    Answer: c) ITBP

  • Praveer Ranjan Appointed DG of CISF, Praveen Kumar to Lead ITBP

    Praveer Ranjan (1993-batch IPS, AGMUT cadre) appointed Director General of CISF.

    • Takes charge on 1 Oct 2025, succeeding Rajwinder Singh Bhatti (retiring 30 Sep 2025).
    • Tenure till 31 Jul 2029.
    • CISF protects airports, nuclear plants, and key govt. installations.

    Praveen Kumar (1993-batch IPS, West Bengal cadre) appointed Director General of ITBP.

    • Takes charge on 1 Oct 2025, succeeding Rahul Rasgotra (retiring 30 Sep 2025).
    • Tenure till 30 Sep 2030.
    • ITBP guards the India-China border in Himalayan terrain.

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh Pays Tribute on 1965 War Diamond Jubilee

    On 19 September 2025, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh interacted with veterans and families of soldiers as the Army marked 60 years of the 1965 India-Pakistan War at South Block, Delhi. He saluted the courage of troops and the nation’s unity, recalling the Battle of Asal Uttar and the sacrifice of CQMH Abdul Hamid, Param Vir Chakra awardee.

    Singh praised the leadership of PM Lal Bahadur Shastri and said India’s victories, including recent Operation Sindoor after the Pahalgam terror attack, show the nation’s growing strength. He assured continued focus on soldier welfare, modernisation, and training. The event featured Army Chief Gen Upendra Dwivedi, veterans, gallantry awardees, and a documentary on key battles like Asal Uttar, Akhnoor, and Khem Karan.

  • International Day of Peace 2025

    The International Day of Peace is observed annually on 21 September, established by the United Nations in 1981 to promote global harmony, dialogue, and nonviolence.

    The 2025 theme is “Act Now for a Peaceful World”, highlighting the urgent need for concrete actions to end conflicts, tackle injustice, address climate challenges, and reduce inequality.

  • Seven Indian Natural Sites Added to UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage List

    Seven natural heritage sites — including the Deccan Traps (Maharashtra), Meghalaya’s cave systems, and Varkala cliffs (Kerala) — have been added to UNESCO’s Tentative List, raising India’s tally to 69 sites. With this, India now has 49 cultural, 17 natural, and 3 mixed properties under UNESCO’s consideration.

    Other newly listed sites include St Mary’s Island (Karnataka), Naga Hill Ophiolite (Nagaland), Erra Matti Dibbalu (Andhra Pradesh), and Tirumala Hills (Andhra Pradesh). The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) submitted the nominations. Entry into the tentative list is the first step toward securing full World Heritage Site status.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 18 September 2025

    Q. Which countries, besides India, participated in Zapad-2025, held in September 2025?
    a) Iran, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Congo, Mali
    b) China, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan
    c) USA, UK, France, Germany
    d) Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Thailand

    Show Answer
    Answer: a) Iran, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Congo, Mali

    Q. In September 2025, the Department of Posts (DoP) and BSNL signed an MoU to expand mobile connectivity across India. How will this be achieved?
    a) By setting up new telecom towers in rural areas
    b) By using Post Offices as points of sale for BSNL SIM cards and recharge services
    c) By launching a joint 5G network across the country
    d) By providing free internet connections through postmen

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) By using Post Offices as points of sale for BSNL SIM cards and recharge services

  • DoP and BSNL Partner to Expand Mobile Connectivity Through Post Offices

    On 17 September 2025, the Department of Posts (DoP) and BSNL signed an MoU in New Delhi to expand mobile connectivity across India. Under the agreement, over 1.65 lakh Post Offices will serve as Points of Sale for BSNL SIM cards and recharges, making telecom services more accessible, especially in rural and remote areas.

    The initiative, already successful in Assam, aims to bridge the digital divide, promote Digital India, and support financial inclusion. DoP will onboard customers and handle transactions, while BSNL will provide SIM stock and training. The partnership is valid for one year (renewable) with strict monitoring, cybersecurity, and data privacy measures.

  • India Participates in Russia-Led Zapad-2025 Military Exercise

    In September 2025, India participated in the Zapad-2025 military exercise with Russia and Belarus at the Mulino Training Ground, Nizhny Novgorod.

    The large-scale drills involved over 100,000 troops, 333 aircraft, and 247 naval vessels across 41 sites. India sent 65 personnel from the Army, Navy, and Air Force, led by the Kumaon Regiment.

    The exercise focused on joint tactical drills, counter-terrorism operations, and interoperability. Other participants included Iran, Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Congo, and Mali.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 17 September 2025

    Q. What was the main reason for strained India–U.S. trade ties in 2025 ?
    a) Dispute over IT services
    b) 50% tariffs on Indian goods linked to Russian crude imports
    c) Ban on agricultural exports
    d) Intellectual property disputes

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) 50% tariffs on Indian goods linked to Russian crude imports

    Q. Who has been announced as the new lead sponsor of Team India in September 2025?
    a) Dream11
    b) Apollo Tyres
    c) BYJU’S
    d) Paytm

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Apollo Tyres

  • Apollo Tyres Becomes Lead Sponsor of BCCI Team India

    On 16 September 2025, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) announced a 2.5-year partnership with Apollo Tyres as the new lead sponsor of India’s men’s and women’s cricket teams, replacing Dream11. The deal, running until March 2028, will feature the Apollo Tyres logo on Team India jerseys across all formats.

    This is Apollo Tyres’ first entry into Indian cricket, marking a strategic move to align with the nation’s most popular sport. BCCI officials hailed the partnership as a reflection of Indian cricket’s global brand value, while Apollo Tyres called it a matter of national pride and a boost to consumer trust.

  • India–U.S. Bilateral Trade Pact Talks Resume

    On 16 September 2025, India and the U.S. held high-level talks in New Delhi to push forward a long-awaited bilateral trade agreement. The meeting, led by Brendan Lynch (U.S.) and Rajesh Agrawal (India), comes after strained ties over the 50% U.S. tariffs on Indian goods linked to Russian crude imports.

    Both sides agreed to intensify efforts, with weekly virtual discussions paving the way for the sixth formal negotiation round. Leaders Donald Trump and Narendra Modi expressed optimism, aiming to finalize the first phase of the pact by Fall 2025, covering tariffs, market access, agriculture, dairy, and MSMEs.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 16 September 2025

    Q. Who won the gold medal in the 48 kg and 57 kg categories at the World Boxing Championships 2025?
    a) Nikhat Zareen and Lovlina Borgohain
    b) Minakshi Hooda and Jaismine Lamboria
    c) Mary Kom and Saweety Boora
    d) Nitu Ghanghas and Sarita Devi

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Minakshi Hooda and Jaismine Lamboria

    Q. Where was India’s first bamboo-based bio-refinery inaugurated by PM Modi in September 2025?
    a) Dibrugarh, Assam
    b) Numaligarh, Golaghat district, Assam
    c) Guwahati, Assam
    d) Silchar, Assam

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Numaligarh, Golaghat district, Assam

    Q. What is the minimum attendance required by CBSE to be eligible for Class 10 and 12 board exams from 2025 onwards?
    a) 60%
    b) 65%
    c) 70%
    d) 75%

    Show Answer
    Answer: d) 75%

  • CBSE’s New Rules for Class 10 & 12 Board Exams

    On 15 September 2025, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) announced new guidelines for board exams:

    Attendance Rule:

    • 75% attendance is mandatory to appear in Class 10 & 12 board exams.
    • Attendance will be directly linked to internal assessment.
    • Students failing to meet this requirement will not be allowed to sit for exams.

    Additional Subjects:

    • Class 10: Students may opt for two additional subjects (besides five compulsory).
    • Class 12: Students may opt for one additional subject.
    • These subjects must be studied over two academic years.

    Restrictions on Schools:

    • Schools cannot offer subjects without trained teachers, labs, or board approval.
    • Students cannot take such subjects as main or additional papers.

    Compartment/Essential Repeat Students: Students in these categories for additional subjects may reappear as private candidates.

  • India’s First Bamboo-Based Bio-Refinery in Assam

    On 14 September 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated India’s first bamboo-based bio-refinery at Numaligarh Refinery, Golaghat district, Assam. Developed by Assam Bio-Ethanol Private Limited (ABEL) — a joint venture of NRL, Finland’s Fortum, and Chempolis OY — the ₹5,000 crore project is the world’s first zero-waste bioethanol plant using bamboo.

    • Annual Production Capacity: 48,900 MT ethanol, 11,000 TPA acetic acid, 19,000 TPA furfural, 31,000 MT food-grade CO₂.
    • Technology: 2G bio-refining using enzymatic hydrolysis & fermentation.
    • Green Energy: Generates 25 MW of electricity.
    • Economic Impact: Boost of ₹200 crore annually to Assam’s rural economy; support for 50,000+ bamboo farmers; thousands of jobs.
    • Significance: Strengthens ethanol blending program, reduces crude oil imports, and promotes bamboo cultivation after its reclassification from tree to grass.

  • Minakshi Hooda, Jaismine Lamboria Clinch Gold at World Boxing Championships 2025

    On 14 September 2025, Minakshi Hooda (48 kg) and Jaismine Lamboria (57 kg) won gold medals at the World Boxing Championships in Liverpool, England.

    • Minakshi defeated Nazym Kyzaibay.
    • Jaismine outclassed Julia Szeremeta, Paris Olympics silver medallist.

    With these wins, they joined the elite group of Indian world champions like Mary Kom, Nikhat Zareen, Sarita Devi, Lovlina Borgohain, and others.

    👉 India finished with four medals, its best-ever tally in an overseas edition of the tournament.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 15 September 2025

    Q. On 14 September, in which year did the Constituent Assembly adopt Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of India?
    a) 1947
    b) 1948
    c) 1949
    d) 1950

    Show Answer
    Answer: c) 1949

    Q. On which date is the International Day of Democracy observed every year?
    a) 14 September
    b) 15 September
    c) 16 September
    d) 10 December

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) 15 September

    Q. India defeated Pakistan by 7 wickets in Dubai in the Asia Cup 2025 on 14 September 2025. Who was awarded Player of the Match?
    a) Hardik Pandya
    b) Shaheen Afridi
    c) Kuldeep Yadav
    d) Suryakumar Yadav

    Show Answer
    Answer: c) Kuldeep Yadav

  • Asia Cup 2025: India Defeats Pakistan by 7 Wickets in Dubai

    Asia Cup 2025 (14 September, Dubai): India defeated Pakistan by 7 wickets in a Group A clash. Pakistan, restricted to 127/9 in 20 overs, saw a late cameo from Shaheen Afridi (33 off 16)* after early blows by Hardik Pandya and Jasprit Bumrah. Spinners Kuldeep Yadav (3/18) and Axar Patel dominated the middle overs.

    Chasing, India reached 131/3 in 15.5 overs, with Abhishek Sharma (31 off 13) providing a quick start and Suryakumar Yadav (47 off 37)* guiding the innings. SKY sealed victory with a six, earning India a comfortable win. Kuldeep Yadav was named Player of the Match.

  • International Day of Democracy (15 September 2025)

    International Day of Democracy (15 September 2025) marks the 18th global observance of people-powered governance, emphasizing the importance of free expression, participation, and inclusion. UN Secretary-General António Guterres praised citizens worldwide for defending democracy amid challenges like disinformation and shrinking civic space.

    A special UN event themed “From Voice to Action” celebrated 20 years of the UN Democracy Fund (UNDEF), which has supported over 1,000 initiatives to strengthen civil society, gender equality, transparency, and the rule of law. The day highlights democracy as a force for hope, dignity, cooperation, and peace.

  • Hindi Diwas (14 September) – Celebrating India’s Official Language

    Hindi Diwas (14 September) marks the day in 1949 when the Constituent Assembly adopted Hindi in Devanagari script as India’s official language.

    It celebrates not just the language, but also unity, identity, and cultural pride. Observed nationwide through poetry, essays, and cultural programs, the day highlights Hindi’s role in connecting communities and enriching India’s literary and cultural heritage.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 13 September 2025

    Q. Who became Nepal’s first woman Prime Minister on September 12, 2025?
    a) Bidhya Devi Bhandari
    b) Sushila Karki
    c) Onsari Gharti Magar
    d) Sujata Koirala

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Sushila Karki

    Q. What is the name of Mizoram’s first-ever rail connection, inaugurated in September 2025?
    a) Silchar–Aizawl Line
    b) Bairabi–Sairang Line
    c) Agartala–Aizawl Line
    d) Guwahati–Sairang Line

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Bairabi–Sairang Line

  • Mizoram’s First Railway Link – Bairabi–Sairang Line

    On 13 September 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the 51.38 km Bairabi–Sairang railway line, giving Mizoram its first-ever rail connection.

    • The project features 48 tunnels, 142 bridges (including Bridge No. 196 at 114 m), built at a cost of ₹8,070 crore over two decades.
    • The line connects Sairang (near Aizawl) with Bairabi, linking Mizoram to Assam’s Silchar and the national network.
    • Aizawl becomes the 4th NE capital (after Guwahati, Agartala, Itanagar) to get direct rail connectivity.
    • New services launched:
      • Sairang–Delhi Rajdhani Express
      • Sairang–Kolkata Express
      • Sairang–Guwahati Express

  • Sushila Karki Becomes Nepal’s First Woman Prime Minister

    Historic Appointment: Former Chief Justice Sushila Karki was sworn in as Nepal’s interim Prime Minister on 12 Sept 2025, becoming the first woman to hold the post. President Ramchandra Paudel administered the oath at Sheetal Niwas, Kathmandu.

    She replaces KP Sharma Oli, who resigned amid Gen Z-led protests against corruption and poor governance. Karki was chosen through a youth-driven online vote on Discord, gaining support from both activists and political parties.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 12 September 2025

    Q. Mauritius PM Dr. Navinchandra Ramgoolam, who visited India from September 9–16, 2025, has ancestral roots in which Indian state?
    a) Uttar Pradesh
    b) Bihar
    c) Gujarat
    d) Tamil Nadu

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Bihar

    Q. Fitch Ratings recently (in September 2025) revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY2025 from:
    a) 6.0% to 6.5%
    b) 6.5% to 6.9%
    c) 6.8% to 7.2%
    d) 7.0% to 7.5%

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) 6.5% to 6.9%

  • Mauritius PM’s India Visit (Sept 9–16, 2025)

    Mauritius PM Dr. Navinchandra Ramgoolam paid an eight-day state visit to India (Sept 9–16, 2025), his first overseas bilateral engagement.

    • Talks with PM Modi in Varanasi: Focus on MAHASAGAR Vision & Neighbourhood First Policy.
    • Agreements: MoUs in science & tech, oceanography, power; plans for a space research station and floating solar project.
    • Economic Package: India pledged support for infrastructure, healthcare, and jobs in Mauritius.
    • Cultural Roots: Visits to Ayodhya, Tirupati, Varanasi; reconnected with ancestral village in Bihar.
    • Significance: Strengthened ties, diaspora bonds, and cooperation in the Indian Ocean & Global South.

  • Fitch Revises India’s Growth Forecast from 6.5% to 6.9%

    India’s GDP forecast for FY2025 was raised from 6.5% to 6.9%, driven by strong domestic demand, higher consumer spending, and supportive financial conditions.

    GST reforms are seen as credit positive, expected to boost consumption and reduce risks to growth, despite global headwinds like higher US tariffs.

    Medium-term outlook: India’s growth projected at 6.3% in FY2027, with the economy operating slightly above potential.

    Monetary policy: The RBI may cut rates by 25 basis points by year-end.

    Global forecast: Fitch projects 2.3% growth in 2026, supported by China and Eurozone momentum.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 11 September 2025

    Q. The 17th Asia Cup 2025 is being played from September 9–28, 2025 in which country?
    a) India
    b) Pakistan
    c) UAE
    d) Sri Lanka

    Show Answer
    Answer: c) UAE

    Q. Which ministry launched Adi Sanskriti, the world’s first Digital Tribal University, launched?
    a) Ministry of Culture
    b) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
    c) Ministry of Education
    d) Ministry of Skill Development

    Show Answer
    Answer: b) Ministry of Tribal Affairs

  • Adi Sanskriti: World’s First Digital Tribal University

    On September 10, 2025, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched Adi Sanskriti at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi — the world’s first Digital Tribal University. This initiative blends technology with tradition to preserve tribal heritage, empower communities, and promote education.

    🎓 Key Features

    • Adi Vishwavidyalaya: Digital academy with 45+ online courses on tribal dance, music, crafts, and folklore.
    • Adi Sampada: Repository of 5,000+ curated documents on tribal art, textiles, and traditions.
    • Adi Haat: Online marketplace (linked with TRIFED) connecting tribal artisans directly with buyers.

    🌿 Purpose

    • Preserve endangered tribal languages and traditions.
    • Provide education and digital access to tribal communities.
    • Create sustainable livelihoods by reducing middlemen.
    • Build global awareness of India’s tribal culture.

    🛠️ Collaboration

    Developed with Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) from 15 states, ensuring authenticity and grassroots participation.

  • 17th Asia Cup 2025 in Abu Dhabi from September 9–28

    The 17th Asia Cup (T20I format) is being held in Abu Dhabi and Dubai, UAE from September 9–28, 2025. Originally India had hosting rights, but political tensions with Pakistan shifted the event to the UAE.

    • Teams (8):
      • Group A: India, Pakistan, UAE, Oman
      • Group B: Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Hong Kong
    • Matches: 19 total; most start at 6:30 PM UAE time.

    India, the defending champions, are chasing their 9th Asia Cup title. The tournament is also a prelude to the 2026 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup, highlighting the UAE’s role as a global cricket hub.

  • Current Affairs MCQs : Dated – 10 September 2025

    Q. Who was elected as the 15th Vice President of India in September 2025?
    a) Justice B. Sudershan Reddy
    b) CP Radhakrishnan
    c) Jagdeep Dhankhar
    d) Venkaiah Naidu

    Show Answer
    ✅ Answer: b) CP Radhakrishnan

    Q. Who resigned as Prime Minister of Nepal on 9 September 2025?
    a) Pushpa Kamal Dahal
    b) Sher Bahadur Deuba
    c) KP Sharma Oli
    d) Ramesh Lekhak

    Show Answer
    ✅ Answer: c) KP Sharma Oli