Author name: Ajay Gulia

"Ajay Kumar Gulia is the lead editor at gknow.in. With a deep background in competitive exam coaching, he has helped thousands of students stay updated with daily current affairs. He meticulously vets every MCQ to ensure it meets the standards of UPSC and SSC boards."

Adi Sanskriti: World’s First Digital Tribal University

On September 10, 2025, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched Adi Sanskriti at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi — the world’s first Digital Tribal University. This initiative blends technology with tradition to preserve tribal heritage, empower communities, and promote education.

🎓 Key Features

  • Adi Vishwavidyalaya: Digital academy with 45+ online courses on tribal dance, music, crafts, and folklore.
  • Adi Sampada: Repository of 5,000+ curated documents on tribal art, textiles, and traditions.
  • Adi Haat: Online marketplace (linked with TRIFED) connecting tribal artisans directly with buyers.

🌿 Purpose

  • Preserve endangered tribal languages and traditions.
  • Provide education and digital access to tribal communities.
  • Create sustainable livelihoods by reducing middlemen.
  • Build global awareness of India’s tribal culture.

🛠️ Collaboration

Developed with Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) from 15 states, ensuring authenticity and grassroots participation.

17th Asia Cup 2025 in Abu Dhabi from September 9–28

The 17th Asia Cup (T20I format) is being held in Abu Dhabi and Dubai, UAE from September 9–28, 2025. Originally India had hosting rights, but political tensions with Pakistan shifted the event to the UAE.

  • Teams (8):
    • Group A: India, Pakistan, UAE, Oman
    • Group B: Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Hong Kong
  • Matches: 19 total; most start at 6:30 PM UAE time.

India, the defending champions, are chasing their 9th Asia Cup title. The tournament is also a prelude to the 2026 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup, highlighting the UAE’s role as a global cricket hub.

Nepal PM KP Sharma Oli Resigns Amid Violent Gen Z Protests

On 9 Sept 2025, Nepal Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli resigned after violent Gen Z–led protests over the government’s social media ban. Demonstrators stormed his office, set his Balkot residence on fire, and attacked the homes of several leaders, including ministers Prithvi Subba Gurung and Bishnu Paudel.

Despite curfews in Kathmandu Valley and other districts, youths continued protests by burning tyres, blocking roads, and clashing with police. Violence also spread to Rautahat district, where protesters torched a police vehicle. Authorities restricted movement but allowed essential services during the unrest.

CP Radhakrishnan Elected as 15th Vice President of India

On 9 Sept 2025, NDA nominee CP Radhakrishnan was elected as the 15th Vice President of India, defeating INDIA bloc candidate Justice B. Sudershan Reddy. Radhakrishnan secured 452 first preference votes against Reddy’s 300, while 15 votes were declared invalid. The election witnessed a 98.2% turnout, with 767 MPs voting out of 781. The Vice President’s post had been vacant since July 21, following the resignation of Jagdeep Dhankhar due to health reasons.

Born in 1957 in Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, Radhakrishnan has served as Governor of Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Telangana, and Puducherry, besides being a two-time MP from Coimbatore and a former BJP Tamil Nadu president.

Nepal Withdraws Social Media Ban After Deadly Protests

On 8 Sept 2025, the Nepal government withdrew its decision to ban 26 social media platforms, including Facebook and X, after massive youth-led protests turned violent, leaving at least 19 people dead and over 300 injured. Minister for Communication and Information Prithvi Subba Gurung announced the rollback after an emergency Cabinet meeting, saying agencies had been ordered to resume social media services as demanded by ‘Gen Z’ protesters in Kathmandu. The demonstrations had escalated after some protesters stormed the Parliament complex, forcing police to use water cannons, tear gas, and even live rounds.

Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli promised an investigation into the deadly crackdown, announcing relief for victims’ families and free treatment for the injured. Curfews had earlier been imposed in several major cities to contain unrest. Meanwhile, Home Minister Ramesh Lekhak resigned on moral grounds amid widespread criticism over the handling of what is being called one of Nepal’s deadliest protests in recent years.

India Beat Oman to Clinch Bronze in CAFA Nations Cup 2025

On 8 Sept 2025, India’s football team defeated Oman 3-2 on penalties at the Hisor Central Stadium in Tajikistan to claim third place in the Central Asian Football Association (CAFA) Nations Cup 2025. Goalkeeper Gurpreet Singh Sandhu saved three spot-kicks, while Chhangte, Bheke, and Jithin MS converted their penalties to seal the win.

This was India’s first-ever victory over Oman in 31 years. Under new head coach Khalid Jamil, the team displayed resilience throughout the tournament, registering a win over Tajikistan and a draw against Afghanistan before clinching the historic bronze.

India Wins 2025 Men’s Asia Cup Hockey in Rajgir

On 7 September 2025, India’s Men’s Hockey Team defeated South Korea 4–1 in the final of the Hero Asia Cup 2025 at the Rajgir Sports Complex, Bihar. Goal scorers included Sukhjeet Singh, Dilpreet Singh (2), and Amit Rohidas. This marks India’s 4th Asia Cup title (after 2003, 2007, 2017).

With this victory, India secured qualification for the 2026 FIH Men’s Hockey World Cup (Netherlands & Belgium). Hockey India announced ₹3 lakh prize money per player and ₹1.5 lakh for support staff.

Carlos Alcaraz Wins 2nd U.S. Open Title, Reclaims World No. 1

On 7 Sept 2025, Carlos Alcaraz won his second U.S. Open men’s singles title, defeating Jannik Sinner 6-2, 3-6, 6-1, 6-4 at Arthur Ashe Stadium. The 22-year-old Spaniard reclaimed the World No. 1 ranking and secured his 6th Grand Slam, becoming the first player since 1978 to win multiple majors on all three surfaces before turning 23.

Alcaraz dominated with 42 winners, 10 aces, and zero double faults, while Sinner, the 2024 champion, struggled to keep pace. This win extended Alcaraz’s head-to-head lead over Sinner to 10-5, cementing his status as tennis’s leading young star.

Indian filmmaker Anuparna Roy wins Best Director award at Venice Film Festival 2025

Anuparna Roy, Indian filmmaker, won Best Director in the Orizzonti section at the 82nd Venice Film Festival (6 Sept 2025) for her indie film Songs of Forgotten Trees, the only Indian entry in this category.

  • Golden Lion (Best Film): Father Mother Sister Brother by veteran U.S. director Jim Jarmusch.
  • Silver Lion (Runner-up): The Voice of Hind Rajab by Tunisia’s Kaouther Ben Hania.
  • Best Actor: Toni Servillo (La Grazia, Italy).
  • Best Actress: Xin Zhilei (The Sun Rises On Us All, China).
  • Best Director (Main Competition): Benny Safdie (The Smashing Machine).
  • Special Jury Prize: Gianfranco Rosi (Below the Clouds, Italy).

Japanese PM Shigeru Ishiba Resigns

Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, 68, announced his resignation after just 11 months in office, citing responsibility for the Liberal Democratic Party’s (LDP) electoral defeats.

The resignation follows the LDP-Komeito coalition’s loss of majority in Upper House elections. An emergency LDP leadership contest will now take place, with contenders including Sanae Takaichi (a critic of BoJ’s rate hikes) and Shinjiro Koizumi (Farm Minister and rising political figure).

Ganesh Chaturthi 2025 – Grand Visarjan

The 10-day Ganesh Chaturthi festival (Aug 27–Sep 6, 2025) concluded on Anant Chaturdashi with Ganesh Visarjan across India.

Celebrations: Iconic mandals like Lalbaugcha Raja in Mumbai drew lakhs, while Ahmedabad and Hyderabad focused on eco-friendly immersions. Families performed Uttarang Puja at home before immersing idols.

Significance: The festival reinforced devotion, unity, and cultural heritage, ending with the promise: “Come back soon, Bappa!”

Bhutan PM Tshering Tobgay’s India Visit

Bhutanese Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay, accompanied by his spouse Aum Tashi Doma, paid a four-day official visit to India from September 3–6, 2025 to deepen bilateral, cultural, and spiritual ties.

His visit included Ayodhya (Ram Janmabhoomi & Hanumangarhi Temples), Rajgir (Consecration of the Royal Bhutan Temple with Je Khenpo), and Nalanda University, where he highlighted Bhutan’s Vajrayana traditions.

In Delhi, he held talks with Indian leaders including EAM S. Jaishankar. The visit underscored India–Bhutan friendship, Buddhist spiritual heritage, and regional cooperation under India’s Act East Policy.

Onam: Kerala’s Festival of Unity and Prosperity

Onam 2025 was celebrated on September 5, 2025(Thiruvonam Day). It is Kerala’s biggest harvest festival, marking the annual return of King Mahabali, remembered for his golden reign.

The festival highlights values of unity, equality, and prosperity. Major traditions include Pookalam (floral carpets), Onasadya (feast with 20+ vegetarian dishes), Vallam Kali (snake boat race), Pulikali (tiger dance), and Kaikottikali (women’s dance). Onam is a symbol of abundance and cultural heritage, bringing families and communities together in celebration.

Teachers’ Day in India – 5th September

Teachers’ Day is Celebrated annually on September 5th to honor the birth anniversary of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, philosopher, scholar, and second President of India.

Significance: Recognizes teachers as mentors, guides, and role models who shape knowledge, values, and character.

Qualities of a Great Teacher: Patience, empathy, passion for teaching, adaptability, integrity, and fairness.

Union Cabinet Approves ₹1,500 Crore Incentive Scheme for Critical Mineral Recycling

On 3 September 2025, the Union Cabinet chaired by PM Narendra Modi approved a ₹1,500 crore Incentive Scheme under the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) to boost domestic recycling capacity for critical minerals.

  • Tenure: FY 2025-26 to FY 2030-31 (6 years).
  • Eligible feedstock: e-waste, Lithium-ion battery (LIB) scrap, and other metal scraps.
  • Scope: Applies to new units, expansion, modernization, and diversification of existing units.
  • Incentives:
    • Capex subsidy: 20% on plant & machinery for timely production.
    • Opex subsidy: Based on incremental sales (40% in 2nd year, 60% in 5th year).
  • Expected outcomes:
    • 270 kilo ton annual recycling capacity.
    • 40 kilo ton annual critical mineral production.
    • Investment of ₹8,000 crore.
    • Creation of ~70,000 jobs.

Co-location of Anganwadi Centres with Schools: Govt Issues Guidelines

On 3 September 2025, Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan and Union WCD Minister Annapurna Devi launched the Guidelines for Co-location of Anganwadi Centres with Schools at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.

  • The initiative aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to ensure holistic care for mothers and children and to strengthen early learning foundations.
  • Anganwadi workers were recognised as the first teachers in a child’s life, with emphasis on using AI and technology to promote Indian languages.
  • The guidelines aim for:
    • Smooth transition of children from Anganwadis to schools
    • Improved health, nutrition, and retention in primary education
  • Nearly 2 lakh schools will be connected with broadband in the next three years to boost digital learning.
  • The programme stresses community participation and integration with NIPUN Bharat and Poshan Bhi Padhai Bhi initiatives.

GST Council Approves Major Rate Rationalisation; Insurance & Life-saving Drugs Made GST-Free

The 56th GST Council Meeting, chaired by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in New Delhi on 3 September 2025, approved sweeping rate rationalisation reforms to benefit the common man, farmers, labour-intensive industries, and the health sector.

🔑 Key Decisions:

  • Tax Slabs Reduced → Four GST slabs merged into two by scrapping 12% & 28%, retaining 5% & 18%.
  • Insurance → All individual life & health insurance policies exempted from GST, including family floaters & senior citizen policies.
  • Medicines →
    • 33 life-saving drugs: GST reduced from 12% → NIL.
    • 3 cancer & rare disease drugs: GST reduced from 5% → NIL.
    • Other medicines: 12% → 5%.
    • Medical devices & apparatus: 18% → 5%.
  • Daily-use items → Hair oil, soap, shampoos, toothpaste, bicycles, kitchenware, etc. → 5% GST only.
  • Food items → Namkeen, noodles, chocolates, sauces, pasta, ghee, butter, coffee, etc. → 12%/18% → 5%.
    • Milk (UHT), paneer, chena, Indian breads → 0% GST.
  • Consumer durables → ACs, TVs, dishwashers, small cars & motorcycles → 28% → 18%.
  • Agriculture → All farm equipment → 12% → 5%.

Financial Impact: Revenue loss of ₹48,000 crore, but deemed fiscally sustainable.

Meeting Participation: Attended by Union Ministers, State CMs, Deputy CMs, Governors & Finance Ministers from across India.

India Unveils First Indigenous Semiconductor Chip “Vikram-3201”

On the sidelines of Semicon India 2025 in New Delhi, On 2 September 2025, India unveiled its first fully Made-in-India semiconductor chip, named Vikram-3201, developed by ISRO’s Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL).

Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw presented the chip to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, marking a giant step in India’s semiconductor self-reliance journey under the India Semiconductor Mission (2021).

56th GST Council Meeting in New Delhi on 3 September 2025

The 56th GST Council Meeting began in New Delhi on 3 September 2025, chaired by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. The two-day meeting focuses on next-generation GST reforms, including rate rationalisation and compliance simplification.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in his Independence Day speech, emphasized the benefits of GST and announced that the new reforms would be unveiled on Diwali 2025, reducing taxes on essential goods and providing relief to farmers, the middle class, MSMEs, local vendors, and consumers.

Tata Electronics & Merck Sign MoU to Strengthen India’s Semiconductor Manufacturing

On 2 September 2025, Tata Electronics Pvt. Ltd. and Merck signed an MoU to advance India’s semiconductor and electronics manufacturing. The collaboration focuses on semiconductor materials, fab infrastructure, and specialty chemical and gas distribution for Tata Electronics’ upcoming ₹91,000 crore (USD 11 billion) fabrication plant in Dholera, Gujarat.

Merck will provide high-purity materials, advanced gas/chemical systems, turnkey fab services, and AI-powered Material Intelligence™ solutions. The partnership also emphasizes safety, best practices, supply chain localization, warehousing, talent development, and industry standards.

Singapore PM Lawrence Wong’s visit to India (September 2–4, 2025)

Singapore’s Prime Minister Lawrence Wong paid a three-day official visit to India (September 2–4, 2025), marking his first trip as PM and celebrating 60 years of India–Singapore diplomatic relations.

He held talks with PM Narendra Modi, President Droupadi Murmu, and key Indian ministers on strengthening cooperation in digital innovation, fintech, green energy, advanced manufacturing, skill development, healthcare, and education.

TCA Kalyani Assumes Charge as 29th Controller General of Accounts (CGA)

On 1 September 2025, TCA Kalyani, a 1991-batch officer of the Indian Civil Accounts Service (ICAS), assumed charge as the 29th Controller General of Accounts (CGA) in the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance. She brings over three decades of experience across key ministries including Defence, Telecom, Fertilizers, Finance, Social Justice & Empowerment, Information & Broadcasting, and Home Affairs.

Kalyani, a gold medallist from Lady Shri Ram College, Delhi University, with advanced degrees from JNU, has contributed significantly to reforms such as Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) for fertilizers, digital payment reforms at MTNL, and revival of the Fertilizer Corporation of India.

India–US Joint Military Exercise Yudh Abhyas 2025 in Alaska from 1–14 September 2025

The 21st edition of the India–US Joint Military Exercise Yudh Abhyas 2025 is being held from 1–14 September 2025 at Fort Wainwright, Alaska. The Indian Army’s Madras Regiment is participating alongside the US 5th Infantry Regiment (Arctic Wolves Brigade, 11th Airborne Division).

Over two weeks, both sides will practice heliborne operations, mountain warfare, UAS/Counter-UAS tactics, artillery, aviation, and electronic warfare. Experts will also conduct sessions on information warfare, communications, and logistics. The exercise will conclude with joint tactical manoeuvres, live-fire drills, and high-altitude warfare training, focusing on UN peacekeeping operations and enhancing readiness for multi-domain challenges.

PM Modi Inaugurates Semicon India 2025 in New Delhi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Semicon India 2025 on 2 September at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi. The three-day conference (2–4 September) aims to strengthen India’s semiconductor ecosystem, positioning the country as a global hub for chip design, manufacturing, and innovation.

Semicon India 2025 has drawn 20,750+ participants, 2,500 delegates from 48+ countries, 150+ speakers (including 50+ global leaders), and 350+ exhibitors. Highlights include country pavilions, international roundtables, workforce development, and startup innovation showcases.

Following earlier editions in Bengaluru (2022), Gandhinagar (2023), and Greater Noida (2024), the New Delhi edition marks another milestone in advancing India’s semiconductor journey.

India’s Economy Grows 7.8% in Q1 2025-26, Beating RBI Projections

GDP Growth: India’s economy grew 7.8% in April–June 2025, up from 6.5% in Q1 2024-25.

Key Drivers:

  • Agriculture: 3.7% (vs. 1.5% last year).
  • Manufacturing: 7.7%.
  • Construction: 7.6%.
  • Services: 9.3% (vs. 6.8% last year).

RBI Outlook:

Growth exceeded RBI’s projection of 6.5% for Q1. Full-year 2025-26 forecast remains 6.5%.

India-Japan Sign Pact on Critical Minerals During PM Modi’s Tokyo Visit

On 29 August 2025, India and Japan signed a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) to strengthen collaboration in the critical minerals and mining sector during PM Modi’s visit to Tokyo for the 15th India-Japan Annual Summit. The pact, signed between India’s Ministry of Mines and Japan’s METI, focuses on building resilient supply chains, joint mineral projects, sustainable deep-sea mining, stockpiling strategies, and investments in India and third countries.

PM Modi and Japanese PM Shigeru Ishiba also set a target of 10 trillion yen Japanese investment in India over 10 years, emphasizing cooperation in SMEs, start-ups, and eight pillars: investment, innovation, economic security, environment, technology, health, mobility, people-to-people exchanges, and state-prefecture ties. ISRO and JAXA to collaborate on Chandrayaan-5 under LUPEX programme.

Dinesh K Patnaik, appointed as new High Commissioner to Canada

India has appointed Dinesh K. Patnaik (IFS, 1990 batch), currently Ambassador to Spain, as the next High Commissioner to Canada.

Canada has named veteran diplomat Christopher Cooter as its new High Commissioner to India.

These appointments mark a step toward restoring diplomatic ties strained in October 2024 when India recalled High Commissioner Sanjay Kumar Verma after tensions with then-PM Justin Trudeau.

Relations began improving after Mark Carney became Canadian PM, leading to a positive Modi–Carney bilateral meeting at the G7 Outreach Summit (June 18, 2025).

Both sides agreed to reinstate High Commissioners as the first step in normalizing ties.

PM Modi’s Two-Nation Tour (Japan & China, Aug 29–Sep 1, 2025)

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has embarked on two-nation tour from August 29 to September 1, 2025, visiting Japan and China to strengthen India’s strategic partnerships, enhance regional cooperation, and participate in high-level diplomatic engagements.

Japan (Aug 29–30, 2025):

  • Attending 15th India–Japan Annual Summit with PM Shigeru Ishiba.
  • Focus on defense, trade, technology, clean energy, cultural ties, and Indo-Pacific stability.
  • First summit with Ishiba, signaling a renewed phase in bilateral ties.

China (Aug 31–Sep 1, 2025):

  • Participating in the SCO Summit at Tianjin, hosted by President Xi Jinping.
  • Agenda: regional security, economic cooperation, and bilateral talks with Xi, Putin, and others.
  • Stress on peace along the India–China border.

National Sports Day 2025

National Sports Day is observed annually on 29 August to commemorate the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand, India’s hockey legend who won Olympic gold medals in 1928, 1932, and 1936.

The day promotes sportsmanship, fitness, and national pride, and prestigious awards like the Khel Ratna, Arjuna, and Dronacharya Awards are conferred.

The theme for 2025 is “Ek Ghanta, Khel ke Maidan Main” (One Hour on the Playground), encouraging daily physical activity.

Restructuring of PM SVANidhi Scheme Approved

On 27 August 2025, the Union Cabinet approved the restructuring of the Prime Minister Street Vendor’s Atma Nirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) Scheme, with an extension of the lending period until 31 March 2030.

  • Lending Period Extended: Now up to 31 March 2030 (earlier deadline: 31 Dec 2024).
  • Financial Outlay: ₹7,332 crore.
  • Loan Enhancements:
    • 1st tranche loan → ₹15,000 (earlier ₹10,000).
    • 2nd tranche loan → ₹25,000 (earlier ₹20,000).
    • 3rd tranche loan → remains ₹50,000.
  • Digital Push:
    • UPI-linked RuPay Credit Card for beneficiaries after repayment of 2nd loan.
    • Cashback incentives up to ₹1,600 for retail & wholesale digital transactions.
  • Coverage Expansion: From statutory towns → now also includes census towns & peri-urban areas.
  • Beneficiaries: To benefit 1.15 crore vendors, including 50 lakh new vendors.
  • Background: Launched on 1 June 2020 to support street vendors hit by COVID-19.
  • Progress (till July 2025): Over 96 lakh loans worth ₹13,797 crore disbursed to 68 lakh street vendors.
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