Author name: Ajay Gulia

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New UGC Guidelines on Caste-Based Discrimination in Higher Education

The University Grants Commission (UGC) has issued new legally binding guidelines in January 2026 to curb caste-based discrimination in higher education institutions. These rules, called the Promotion of Equity in Higher Education Institutions Regulations, 2026, replace the earlier 2012 advisory framework and mandate strict compliance by all UGC-recognised universities and colleges.

📌 Key Features of the New UGC Guidelines

  • Legal Framework: Unlike the 2012 guidelines, the 2026 regulations are mandatory and enforceable, with penalties for non-compliance.
  • Expanded Definition of Discrimination: Explicitly covers SC, ST, and OBC students, correcting earlier gaps that excluded OBCs.
  • Equal Opportunity Centres (EOCs): Every institution must establish an EOC to handle complaints, promote inclusivity, and monitor compliance.
  • Accountability: Vice-chancellors, principals, and heads of institutions are directly responsible for ensuring equity and preventing discrimination.
  • Grievance Redressal: Institutions must set up dedicated grievance mechanisms for caste-based complaints, covering admissions, hostels, classrooms, and faculty interactions.
  • Penalties: Non-compliance can lead to financial sanctions, withdrawal of recognition, or other disciplinary action against institutions.

🏛 Impact on Campuses

  • Students: Greater protection for marginalized groups, ensuring dignity and equal opportunity in academics, hostels, and extracurricular activities.
  • Faculty & Staff: Required to undergo sensitization programs to prevent discriminatory practices.
  • Institutions: Must adopt proactive measures like awareness campaigns, reporting systems, and periodic audits of inclusivity.

📊 Comparison: Old vs New Guidelines

Aspect2012 Guidelines2026 Guidelines
NatureAdvisory onlyLegally binding
CoverageSC/ST studentsSC, ST, OBC students
ComplianceVoluntaryMandatory with penalties
Grievance SystemGeneral redressDedicated caste-based complaint mechanisms
Institutional RoleEncouraged equityEqual Opportunity Centres compulsory

Budget Session of Parliament 2026 from January 28

The Budget Session of Parliament 2026 began on January 28 with President Droupadi Murmu’s address to a joint sitting of both Houses. The session will run in two phases until April 2, featuring the Economic Survey on January 29 and Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s ninth consecutive Union Budget on February 1, setting a new parliamentary record.

Structured into Phase 1 (Jan 28–Feb 13), Recess (Feb 14–Mar 8), and Phase 2 (Mar 9–Apr 2), the session includes 30 sittings over 65 days. Key events include the President’s Address outlining priorities for Viksit Bharat, the Economic Survey reviewing performance for FY 2025–26, and the Union Budget for FY 2026–27.

India–EU Free Trade Agreement (FTA) 2026: Key Highlights & Strategic Impact

On 27 Jan 2026, India and the European Union (EU) officially concluded negotiations on a landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA), described as the “mother of all deals.” The pact is expected to become operational by end of 2026, significantly reshaping global trade dynamics by eliminating tariffs, boosting exports, and strengthening strategic ties between two major economies.

The FTA covers markets representing ~2 billion people and ~25% of global GDP. It includes major tariff reductions, such as removal of duties on aircraft, and cuts on alcohol, food products, chemicals, and over 90% of EU goods. The deal ensures market access for 99% of India’s exports and includes €500 million in climate support funding.

Strategically, it promises an economic boost, with expectations of doubling EU exports to India by 2032, while enhancing India’s competitiveness in textiles, IT services, and pharmaceuticals. It also contributes to geopolitical balance amid uncertainties with the US and China, and expands cooperation in defence, security, and mobility.

However, challenges include a lengthy ratification process, domestic adjustments for Indian sectors like agriculture and small-scale manufacturing, and the need for regulatory alignment with EU standards on data protection, sustainability, and product quality.

In conclusion, the India–EU FTA marks a historic milestone, paving the way for economic growth, innovation, and stronger geopolitical alignment, despite implementation and adaptation challenges.

Padma Awards 2026: 131 Recipients Announced Including Top National Figures

The Government of India has announced the Padma Awards 2026, honouring 131 individuals across diverse fields. This year’s highlights include posthumous Padma Vibhushan awards for veteran actor Dharmendra Singh Deol and former Kerala Chief Minister V.S. Achuthanandan, while cricketer Rohit Sharma and actor R. Madhavan feature among Padma Shri recipients.

🏅 Padma Awards 2026 – Key Highlights

  • Total Awards: 131
  • Padma Vibhushan: 5
  • Padma Bhushan: 13
  • Padma Shri: 113
  • Posthumous Awards: 16
  • Women Awardees: 19
  • Foreigners/NRIs/PIOs/OCIs: 6

✨ Notable Recipients

Padma Vibhushan (Exceptional & Distinguished Service)

  • Dharmendra Singh Deol (Art – Cinema) – Posthumous
  • V.S. Achuthanandan (Public Affairs) – Posthumous
  • Other eminent personalities honoured for contributions in public affairs and arts.
    Padma Bhushan (Distinguished Service of High Order)
  • Shibu Soren (Public Affairs) – Posthumous
  • Recognitions across medicine, literature, and social work.
    Padma Shri (Distinguished Service in Any Field)
  • Rohit Sharma (Sports – Cricket)
  • R. Madhavan (Art – Cinema)
  • Mammootty (Art – Malayalam Cinema)
  • Several awardees from science, engineering, medicine, social service, and civil service.

📊 Distribution by Fields

  • Arts & Cinema: Dharmendra, Mammootty, R. Madhavan
  • Sports: Rohit Sharma
  • Public Affairs: V.S. Achuthanandan, Shibu Soren
  • Medicine & Science: Multiple distinguished doctors and scientists
  • Social Work & Civil Service: Numerous grassroots leaders and administrators

Significance of Padma Awards

  • Among India’s highest civilian honours, conferred annually on the eve of Republic Day.
  • Recognize exceptional service in fields such as art, literature, science, medicine, public affairs, social work, and sports.
  • Symbolize India’s commitment to celebrating excellence and contributions that shape society.

Scotland Replaces Bangladesh in Group C for ICC T20 World Cup 2026

The International Cricket Council (ICC) has confirmed that Scotland will replace Bangladesh in Group C of the upcoming T20 World Cup, which will take place in India and Sri Lanka beginning February 7. ICC Chief Executive Sanjog Gupta notified member boards through an official letter, explaining that Bangladesh’s request to shift its scheduled matches out of India violated ICC policies. With no acceptable alternative, Scotland was invited to participate, and a formal communication was also sent to Cricket Scotland.

The ICC had previously given Bangladesh time to reconsider its stance, emphasizing the need to uphold the integrity of the World Cup. With the change finalized, Scotland will now face West Indies on February 7, Italy on February 9, and England on February 14 in Kolkata, before heading to Mumbai to play Nepal on February 17.

India Celebrates 77th Republic Day 2026 at Kartavya Path

India celebrated its 77th Republic Day with a grand parade at Kartavya Path in New Delhi on January 26, 2026, highlighting the nation’s cultural diversity, economic progress, and military strength. President Droupadi Murmu led the celebrations, after Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid homage at the National War Memorial. The President arrived with the chief guests — European Council President Antonio Costa and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen — and unfurled the national flag, followed by the National Anthem and a 21-gun salute.

This year’s celebration focused on the themes ‘Swatantrata ka Mantra: Vande Mataram’ and ‘Samriddhi ka Mantra: Aatmanirbhar Bharat’. Thirty tableaux from states, union territories, and central ministries showcased India’s cultural richness, the legacy of Vande Mataram, and the nation’s progress in self-reliance. The military display featured major platforms including BrahMos, Akash systems, the Suryastra rocket launcher, and Main Battle Tank Arjun, along with a tri-services tableau depicting Operation Sindoor.

President Murmu awarded Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla of the Indian Air Force with the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peacetime gallantry award. The celebrations concluded with a flypast of 29 aircraft including Rafale, Su-30, C-295, Mig-29 and Apache helicopters. Over 2,500 artists performed, and the event was attended by special invitees from diverse fields.

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18th Rozgar Mela 2026: PM Modi Distributes Over 61,000 Appointment Letters

The 18th edition of the Rozgar Mela was held on 24 January 2026, during which Prime Minister Narendra Modi distributed over 61,000 appointment letters to newly recruited youth across various central government departments and organizations. The event was organized simultaneously at 45 locations across India, highlighting its nationwide scale and inclusive approach.

Addressing the appointees, the Prime Minister reiterated the government’s strong commitment to employment generation, emphasizing that job creation is central to national development and youth empowerment. The Rozgar Mela is a flagship initiative aimed at fast-tracking government recruitment and providing stable employment opportunities to young citizens.

Since its inception, Rozgar Melas have resulted in the issuance of more than 11 lakh appointment letters, reflecting their significant impact on public sector employment. Beyond recruitment, the initiative contributes to economic stability, institutional strengthening, and social equity by ensuring wider access to government jobs across regions.

ASC ARJUN: First Humanoid Robot Deployed by Indian Railways at Visakhapatnam

Indian Railways has deployed its first humanoid robot, ASC ARJUN, at Visakhapatnam Railway Station to strengthen passenger safety, security, and service delivery. The robot will function alongside Railway Protection Force (RPF) personnel, especially during periods of heavy passenger movement, reflecting Indian Railways’ commitment to adopting emerging technologies for improved operational efficiency and public convenience.

The robot was unveiled by Inspector General (RPF) Alok Bohra and Divisional Railway Manager Lalit Bohra, in the presence of senior RPF officials. Developed entirely in Visakhapatnam using indigenous technology, ASC ARJUN is the outcome of over a year of work by a dedicated technical team, highlighting Indian Railways’ growing capability to integrate advanced systems into routine operations.

ASC ARJUN is equipped with a Face Recognition System (FRS) for intrusion detection, AI-based crowd monitoring, and real-time alert generation for RPF control rooms. It can make automated public announcements in English, Hindi, and Telugu, enhancing passenger assistance and safety awareness.

With semi-autonomous navigation and obstacle-avoidance, the robot can patrol platforms round the clock, supporting surveillance and optimizing manpower deployment. Additional features include fire and smoke detection systems for emergency response, as well as interactive functions such as greeting passengers with a Namaste, saluting RPF personnel, and providing information through a user interface.

The Ministry of Railways stated that ASC ARJUN’s deployment is part of a broader strategy to leverage technology-driven and indigenously developed innovations to create a safer, more secure, and passenger-friendly railway environment.

Government Notifies Questions for First Phase of Census Starting April 1

The Government of India has officially notified 33 questions to be asked during the first phase of the upcoming Census, beginning April 1, 2026. This phase, known as houselisting and housing enumeration, will collect detailed information about households, amenities, and living conditions.

🏠 First Phase of Census: Houselisting and Housing Enumeration

The Census is conducted in two phases, and the first phase focuses on housing-related data. Enumerators will visit households to record details that help the government plan infrastructure, welfare schemes, and resource allocation.

Key Areas Covered in the 33 Questions

  • Housing Conditions: Type of flooring, roofing, and materials used in construction.
  • Ownership Status: Whether the house is owned, rented, or otherwise occupied.
  • Household Composition: Number of members, number of married couples, and sex of the household head.
  • Basic Amenities: Availability of drinking water, electricity, bathing facilities, and sanitation.
  • Modern Facilities: Access to internet, type of mobile phones used, and digital connectivity.
  • Food Consumption: Main cereal consumed by the household.
  • Assets: Vehicles owned and other household assets.

Basant Panchami and Saraswati Puja (23 Jan 2026)

Basant Panchami, also known as Saraswati Puja, is a vibrant festival was celebrated across India to mark the arrival of spring and to worship Goddess Saraswati, the deity of wisdom, learning, and arts on 23 January 2026. It usually falls in the month of Magha (January–February) according to the Hindu calendar.

🌸 Significance of Basant Panchami

  • Seasonal Importance: Basant Panchami heralds the onset of spring (Basant means spring), symbolizing renewal, prosperity, and joy.
  • Spiritual Importance: The day is dedicated to Goddess Saraswati, who embodies knowledge, music, art, and culture.
  • Cultural Importance: It is considered an auspicious day to begin new ventures, educational pursuits, or artistic endeavors.

🙏 Saraswati Puja Traditions

  • Worship of Goddess Saraswati: Devotees place books, musical instruments, and tools of learning near the idol or image of the goddess, seeking blessings for wisdom and creativity.
  • Yellow Color: Yellow is the dominant color of the festival, symbolizing energy, prosperity, and optimism. People wear yellow clothes, prepare yellow dishes like khichdi and sweet saffron rice.
  • Educational Institutions: Schools and colleges organize Saraswati Puja, encouraging students to participate in prayers and cultural programs.
  • Offerings: Flowers, fruits, and sweets are offered to the goddess, and devotees refrain from touching books or pens until the puja is completed, as a mark of respect.

Parakram Diwas: Honoring Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

Parakram Diwas is celebrated every year on 23rd January to honor Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s unmatched courage, leadership, and contribution to India’s freedom struggle. Instituted by the Government of India in 2021, the day is observed as a tribute to his indomitable spirit and patriotism.

🌟 Meaning and Significance

  • Parakram Diwas (Day of Valour) commemorates the birth anniversary of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, one of India’s most revered freedom fighters.
  • The word Parakram translates to valor or courage, symbolizing Bose’s fearless pursuit of independence.
  • It is not just a remembrance but a national call to inspire citizens, especially the youth, to emulate his bravery and dedication.

📜 Historical Context

  • Netaji was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha.
  • He founded the Indian National Army (INA), also known as Azad Hind Fauj, and established the Azad Hind Government in exile.
  • His leadership challenged colonial rule and gave Indians a sense of empowerment and unity against British domination.

Amrit Udyan to Open for Public from 3 Feb to 31 March 2026

The Amrit Udyan at Rashtrapati Bhavan will open to the public from 3 February to 31 March 2026 as part of the annual Udyan Utsav. Visitors can enter six days a week between 10:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (last entry at 5:15 p.m.). The garden will remain closed on Mondays for maintenance and on 4 March for Holi. Entry is free, with online booking available via the official portal or through kiosks at Gate 35, and shuttle services will operate from Central Secretariat Metro Station.

Spread over 15 acres, Amrit Udyan is known for its tulips, roses, and seasonal flowers, including 100+ varieties of roses and tulips. New attractions for 2026 include Babbling Brook and Bal Vatika. Formerly called Mughal Gardens, the site showcases India’s horticultural heritage, attracting nature lovers, families, and photographers.

Atal Pension Yojana Extended till 2030-31 & Equity Support to SIDBI

The Union Government on 21 January 2026 approved the continuation of the Atal Pension Yojana (APY) till 2030–31 and equity support of ₹5,000 crore to the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI).

Atal Pension Yojana (APY) – Extension

  • Approved till: 2030–31
  • Objective: Old-age income security for workers in the unorganised sector
  • Launched: May 2015
  • Benefits: Guaranteed pension of ₹1,000 – ₹5,000 per month after 60 years, depending on contribution
  • Subscribers enrolled: 8.66 crore+
  • Significance: Major component of India’s inclusive social security framework

Equity Support to SIDBI

  • Body involved: Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)
  • Total equity support approved: ₹5,000 crore
  • Purpose: To expand financial support to MSMEs
  • Expected beneficiaries: 25.74 lakh new MSME units
  • Growth projection:
    • MSMEs receiving financial assistance to rise from 76 lakh (FY 2025)
    • To 1 crore+ (FY 2028)

Book “Chalice of Ambrosia: Ram Janmabhoomi – Challenge and Response” released by Vice President

On 20 January 2026, Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan released the book “Chalice of Ambrosia: Ram Janmabhoomi – Challenge and Response” in New Delhi. Authored by Surendra Kumar Pachauri, a former Secretary to the Government of India, the book examines the historical, cultural and legal dimensions of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement and presents the construction of the Ayodhya Ram Mandir as a defining civilisational moment for India.

The book highlights themes such as the civilisational significance of Lord Ram, the convergence of faith, history, law and democracy, and the role of the 2019 Supreme Court verdict in fulfilling the aspirations of millions. The Vice President, while addressing the event, underscored that Lord Ram is the soul of the nation and noted the unparalleled importance of a temple at His birthplace.

The release of the book serves as a scholarly documentation of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement, offering insights into legal battles, cultural debates and democratic processes. It stands as a symbolic milestone in recording one of India’s most significant cultural and historical developments.

Khelo India Winter Games 2026 Inaugurated in Leh, Ladakh

The Sixth Edition of the Khelo India Winter Games 2026 began on 20 January 2026 at NDS Stadium, Leh, inaugurated by the Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh, Kavinder Gupta. The event marks another milestone in Ladakh’s rise as a premier winter sports hub.

A total of 21 States and Union Territories are participating, with 1,000 participants, including 472 athletes, competing in ice sports such as ice hockey and skating. The games are being held across three venues in Leh: NDS Stadium, Ladakh Scouts Regimental Centre, and Gupuk Pond.

The opening ceremony showcased Ladakh’s cultural heritage, with performances by local artists. Union Sports Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya congratulated Ladakh for successfully hosting the event, which also saw the presence of senior civil and police officials.

For the first time, Figure Skating, an Olympic sport, has been introduced at the Winter Games.

UAE President Sheikh Mohamed Bin Zayed’s Official Visit to India (19 January 2026)

President of the United Arab Emirates, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, visited India on January 19, 2026, at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The visit marked his third official trip as UAE President and reinforced the growing depth of the India-UAE Comprehensive Strategic Partnership.

🌍 Context of the Visit

  • Date: January 19, 2026
  • Occasion: Official state visit at the invitation of PM Narendra Modi.
  • Significance: Fifth visit to India in the last decade, reflecting strong bilateral ties.
  • Backdrop: The visit came amid global geopolitical uncertainty, including tensions in West Asia and shifting global alliances.

🤝 Key Outcomes

  • Agreements Signed:
  • Nuclear Energy Cooperation: Strengthening collaboration in peaceful nuclear technologies.
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI): Joint initiatives to advance AI research and applications.
  • Counter-Terrorism: Enhanced cooperation to combat extremism and terrorism.
  • Satellite Manufacturing: Partnership to develop advanced space and defence capabilities.
  • Comprehensive Strategic Partnership: Both leaders reaffirmed the steady growth of this framework over the past decade.

Nitin Nabin Becomes Youngest National President of BJP in Unopposed Election

Nitin Nabin has been elected unopposed as the new National President of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), formally taking charge on January 20, 2026.

Youngest Leader: At 45 years old, he becomes the youngest person ever to lead the BJP.

Wide Support: His nomination was backed by senior BJP leaders including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Amit Shah, Rajnath Singh and the outgoing president J.P. Nadda, reflecting strong internal consensus.

Political Background: Nitin Nabin is a five-term MLA from Bihar and has served as minister in the Bihar government before rising through the BJP organisational ranks.

Strategic Shift: His appointment is widely seen as a generational shift and a strategic move to energise the party ahead of future elections.

World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos : January 19–23, 2026

The World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland is a global gathering where leaders from politics, business, academia, and civil society meet annually to discuss pressing global challenges and shape future solutions.

🌍 Overview

  • Location: Davos, Switzerland, in the Swiss Alps.
  • Event: Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum.
  • Participants: Around 2,500–3,000 leaders from over 130 countries.
  • Theme (2026): “A Spirit of Dialogue” – emphasizing collaboration, trust, and innovation.
  • Dates: January 19–23, 2026.

🎯 Purpose

  • Global Cooperation: Provides a neutral platform for dialogue on geopolitics, trade, technology, and sustainability.
  • Problem-Solving: Tackles issues like climate change, economic inequality, technological disruption, and global security.
  • Networking: Encourages partnerships between governments, businesses, and NGOs.
  • Agenda Setting: Influences international policy directions and corporate strategies.

👥 Key Attendees

  • Political Leaders: Presidents, prime ministers, and ministers from major economies.
  • Business Executives: CEOs of multinational corporations.
  • Civil Society: NGOs, academics, and cultural leaders.
  • Notable 2026 Speakers: French President Emmanuel Macron, EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, and Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng.

India’s first Vande Bharat Sleeper Train between Howrah & Guwahati

On 17 January, Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off India’s first Vande Bharat Sleeper Train between Howrah and Guwahati (Kamakhya) from Malda Town railway station, and also virtually launched the Guwahati–Howrah service.

The fully air-conditioned sleeper version of Vande Bharat aims to provide airline-like comfort at economical fares, making long-distance travel faster, safer and more convenient for passengers such as students, professionals, migrant workers, traders, and pilgrims.

The semi-high-speed train can run up to 180 km/h and has 16 modern coaches with a capacity of 823 passengers.

Trump Announces “Board of Peace” for Gaza Plan’s Second Phase

Donald Trump has announced the creation of a new international “Board of Peace” as part of Phase Two of his Gaza Peace Plan, shifting focus from ceasefire arrangements to demilitarisation, technocratic governance, and reconstruction.

🌍 Background of the Gaza Peace Plan

  • Origin: The Gaza Peace Plan was first unveiled in September 2025 as a 20-point roadmap aimed at ending the prolonged conflict in Gaza.
  • Phase One: Focused on achieving a ceasefire and stabilizing immediate hostilities.
  • Phase Two: Moves towards long-term governance, reconstruction, and demilitarisation, with the newly formed Board of Peace at its core.

🏛️ The Board of Peace

  • Announcement: On 15 January 2026, Trump declared the formation of the Board of Peace, calling it “the greatest and most prestigious board ever assembled.”
  • Leadership: Trump himself is expected to serve as Chairman of the Board.
  • Membership: Countries including Egypt, Turkey, Qatar, and potentially India have been invited to join. India has received an official invitation but has yet to respond.
  • Mandate: The Board will supervise a Palestinian technocratic committee tasked with managing day-to-day governance in Gaza, ensuring neutrality and efficiency.

⚖️ Objectives of Phase Two

  • Demilitarisation: Secure agreements with Hamas to relinquish military control.
  • Governance: Support a technocratic Palestinian government free from factional politics.
  • Reconstruction: Oversee rebuilding of infrastructure, civil institutions, and public services.
  • International Oversight: Provide legitimacy and global backing through participation of multiple nations.

National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Raising Day : 19 January

NDRF Raising Day is celebrated every year on 19 January to honor the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), India’s premier disaster management unit formed in 2006 under the Disaster Management Act. It is a day of gratitude, pride, and reflection on the force’s lifesaving contributions.

🌐 Background and Significance

  • Formation: The NDRF was established in 2006 as a specialized force to respond to natural and man-made disasters.
  • Purpose: It was created to provide a dedicated, professional, and swift response to emergencies like floods, earthquakes, cyclones, landslides, and industrial accidents.
  • Raising Day: Observed annually on 19 January, it commemorates the inception of the force and highlights its achievements.

🚨 Structure and Deployment

  • Battalions: The NDRF currently has 16 battalions, drawn from paramilitary forces such as BSF, CRPF, CISF, ITBP, and SSB.
  • Locations: These battalions are strategically based at 68 locations across India, chosen according to vulnerability and disaster-prone zones.
  • Specialization: Personnel are trained in search and rescue, medical aid, chemical and nuclear disaster response, and community awareness programs.

New DGs Appointed for BSF, ITBP & NIA

On 14 January 2026, the Government of India appointed new Director Generals (DGs) for three key security agencies — the Border Security Force (BSF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), and the National Investigation Agency (NIA).

  • Praveen Kumar (1993-batch IPS, West Bengal cadre) was moved from ITBP to BSF, bringing strong expertise in border management and internal security.
  • Shatrujeet Singh Kapoor, former DGP Haryana, was appointed as DG, ITBP, enhancing leadership for India’s Himalayan border security.
  • Rakesh Aggarwal (1994-batch IPS, Himachal Pradesh cadre) became DG, NIA, strengthening counter-terrorism operations due to his specialized experience and prior role in the agency.

Praveen Vashista Appointed as Vigilance Commissioner in Central Vigilance Commission

Praveen Vashista, a 1991-batch IPS officer of the Bihar cadre, has been appointed as Vigilance Commissioner in the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC). He took oath of office on 16 January 2026, completing the three-member structure of the Commission.

  • The Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003 mandates one Central Vigilance Commissioner and two Vigilance Commissioners.
  • Vigilance Commissioners serve a four-year term or until the age of 65, whichever comes first.
  • Vashista’s appointment was cleared by the Prime Minister-led selection committee in December 2025.
  • The appointment was formally made by President Droupadi Murmu through a warrant issued on 12 December 2025.

EU Leaders to be Chief Guests at India’s 77th Republic Day

The President of the European Council António Luís Santos da Costa and the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen will be the Chief Guests at India’s 77th Republic Day celebrations on 26 January at Kartavyapath. They are visiting India at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and will be on a three-day State Visit from 25 January.

During their visit, both leaders will also co-chair the 16th India-EU Summit on 27 January, meet President Droupadi Murmu, and hold delegation-level talks with Prime Minister Modi. An India-EU Business Forum is planned on the sidelines of the Summit.

India and the European Union have been strategic partners since 2004, with the last (15th) India-EU Summit held virtually in July 2020. Bilateral ties have strengthened across multiple areas, especially after the EU College of Commissioners visited India in February last year. The Republic Day participation and the upcoming Summit are expected to further deepen the India-EU Strategic Partnership and expand cooperation in priority sectors of mutual interest.

Startup India – 10-Year Summary (2016–2026)

Startup India, launched on January 16, 2016, has completed a decade of transforming India into a major global startup hub. The initiative helped India shift from a nation of job seekers to job creators, enabling a massive entrepreneurial wave celebrated annually on National Startup Day (January 16).

Key Outcomes

  • Ecosystem Growth: Startups expanded from ~350 in 2016 to 2.10 lakh+ recognized ventures.
  • Unicorn Surge: India now has 120+ unicorns valued at around $350 billion, ranking as the 3rd-largest startup ecosystem globally.
  • Inclusive Expansion: Strong growth in Tier-II & Tier-III cities with rising women-led ventures.
  • Employment Engine: Startups generated millions of jobs across tech and non-tech sectors.
  • Policy Support: DPIIT-led measures like tax incentives, funding schemes, incubation, and simplified compliance accelerated innovation.

10-Year Impact Areas

  • Innovation: Boosted sectors like AI, fintech, edtech, agritech, healthtech.
  • Economy: Enhanced GDP contribution and drew significant global investments.
  • Global Standing: Positioned India as a leading startup powerhouse.
  • Social Impact: Catalyzed solutions in healthcare, education, agriculture, sustainability.

Future Direction

The initiative is now focusing on AI, deep tech, sustainability, and aligning with India’s long-term vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.

Conclusion

A decade of Startup India marks a major entrepreneurial revolution, democratizing opportunities from metros to small towns. The next decade aims to deepen technological leadership, inclusiveness, and global competitiveness.

Iran Unrest 2026: Nationwide Protests and Global Reactions

In January 2026, Iran is experiencing its most serious unrest since the 1979 Revolution, with nationwide anti-government protests that began in late December 2025 over economic hardships and quickly turned into widespread dissent against the clerical leadership. The protests have spread to over 250 locations in 27 provinces.

The government’s response has been violent, with human rights groups reporting over 2,000 deaths and over 16,000 arrests, and organizations like Amnesty International accusing security forces, including the IRGC, of using live ammunition and brutality against largely peaceful demonstrators.

Iran’s leaders claim the protests are driven by foreign interference, blaming the U.S. and Israel, while warning of possible retaliation in the region. Meanwhile, the United States, under President Donald Trump, has condemned the crackdown and threatened strong measures, while the United Nations has called for restraint.

The crisis is fueled by a mix of economic collapse, political dissatisfaction, regional tensions, and human rights abuses. The situation remains volatile, posing risks of domestic instability, potential Iran–U.S. confrontation, and broader regional economic impacts.

Army Day 2026 Celebrated in Jaipur

The 78th Army Day was celebrated on 15 January 2026 in Jaipur, commemorating the 1949 appointment of Field Marshal K.M. Cariappa as the first Indian Commander-in-Chief. The 2026 theme, “Year of Networking and Data Centricity,” highlighted the Army’s focus on modernization, digital integration, and network-centric warfare.

For the first time, the parade was held outside a cantonment, at Mahal Road, Jagatpura, featuring combat demonstrations, modern equipment, and the debut of the Bhairav Battalion, along with a “Know Your Army” exhibition.

Army Day honors soldiers’ sacrifices, strengthens national pride, and showcases the Army’s roles in defense, disaster relief, peacekeeping, and nation-building. The celebration blends tradition with modernization, reflecting India’s journey toward self-reliance in defense.

BRICS India 2026: Marking 20 Years of the Grouping

India will host the 18th BRICS Summit in 2026, marking the 20th anniversary of the grouping. With the theme “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability”, India’s presidency emphasizes a humanity-first, people-centric approach to global welfare.

🌍 BRICS India 2026: An Overview

  • BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) was formed in 2006 and has since expanded to include Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, UAE, and Indonesia.
  • The 2026 summit in New Delhi coincides with the 20th anniversary of BRICS, making it a milestone event.
  • India assumed the chairmanship on 1 January 2026, succeeding Brazil.

🎯 Theme & Vision

  • Theme: “Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation, and Sustainability”.
  • Guiding principle: Humanity-first, people-centric approach.
  • Focus areas:
    • Resilience: Strengthening capacities to withstand global challenges.
    • Innovation: Promoting digital public infrastructure, fintech, AI, and emerging technologies.
    • Cooperation: Enhancing collaboration among diverse economies.
    • Sustainability: Ensuring inclusive and eco-friendly development.

🪷 Symbolism

  • Logo: A lotus with a Namaste gesture, chosen through a national contest.
    • Lotus = resilience and heritage.
    • Petals = colours of BRICS nations, symbolizing unity.
    • Namaste = India’s cultural ethos of respect and harmony.
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