Current Affairs

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National Panchayat Awards 2025: 42 Panchayats Selected Across India

The Ministry of Panchayati Raj announced the National Panchayat Awards 2025, recognising 42 Panchayats for excellence in rural development, good governance, and sustainable development goals (SDGs). The awards ceremony will be held on 3 June 2026 in New Delhi.

The awards are given under the DDUPSVP and NDSPSVP categories for outstanding Gram, Block, and District Panchayats. Karnataka won the highest number of awards (6), followed by Andhra Pradesh and Odisha with 5 awards each.

A key highlight was Kawrthah North Village Council in Mizoram, which secured the top rank in the “Clean and Green Panchayat” category for its work in environmental conservation and sustainable rural development.

Among the top overall winners:

  • Sepahijala (Tripura) won Best District Panchayat
  • Harippad (Kerala) won Best Block Panchayat
  • New Napam (Assam) won Best Gram Panchayat

The awards are part of the Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) and include prize money ranging from ₹50 lakh to ₹5 crore.

TVK Chief C. Joseph Vijay Sworn In as Tamil Nadu CM

C. Joseph Vijay, popularly known as “Thalapathy”, was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu on 10 May 2026 at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Chennai. The oath of office was administered by Governor Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar.

Vijay became the first Chief Minister from the Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK), marking the end of nearly 50 years of DMK–AIADMK political dominance in Tamil Nadu. His party, TVK, won 108 seats in the Assembly elections and formed the government with support from coalition partners including Congress, VCK, CPI, CPI(M), and IUML, taking the alliance strength to 120+ MLAs.

Along with Vijay, nine ministers were also sworn in as part of the new cabinet. His swearing-in marked a major political shift in Tamil Nadu politics.

Suvendu Adhikari Becomes First BJP Chief Minister of West Bengal

Suvendu Adhikari took oath as the first BJP Chief Minister of West Bengal on 9 May 2026. The oath was administered by Governor RN Ravi at the Brigade Parade Grounds in Kolkata. Along with him, five BJP leaders — Dilip Ghosh, Agnimitra Paul, Ashok Kirtania, Nisith Pramanik, and Kshudiram Tudu — were sworn in as Cabinet Ministers.

The ceremony was attended by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, and several BJP and NDA leaders. The event was held on Pochishe Boishak, celebrating the 165th birth anniversary of Rabindranath Tagore.

In the 2026 West Bengal Assembly elections, the BJP won a decisive victory with 207 seats out of 294, ending the 15-year rule of the Trinamool Congress, which secured 80 seats. Prime Minister Modi congratulated Suvendu Adhikari on becoming the Chief Minister.

India Successfully Tests Advanced Agni Missile with MIRV Technology

India successfully tested an Advanced Agni missile equipped with Multiple Independently Targeted Re-Entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology on 8 May 2026 from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha. The missile carried multiple payloads aimed at different targets across the Indian Ocean Region. Tracking systems on ground stations and ships monitored the entire flight, and all mission objectives were successfully achieved.

The test demonstrated India’s capability to strike multiple strategic targets using a single missile. Developed by DRDO with support from Indian industries, the missile strengthens India’s defence preparedness and strategic deterrence capability. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh congratulated DRDO, the Indian Army, and the defence industry for the successful trial.

MIRV (Multiple Independently Targeted Re-Entry Vehicle) technology allows one missile to carry several warheads that can hit different targets independently. Agni-5, with a range of 5,000+ km, is now MIRV-capable.

Lieutenant General NS Raja Subramani Appointed as New Chief of Defence Staff

The Government has appointed Lieutenant General NS Raja Subramani (Retd) as the new Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and Secretary of the Department of Military Affairs. He will succeed General Anil Chauhan, whose tenure ends on 30 May 2026.

Lieutenant General NS Raja Subramani is currently serving as the Military Adviser at the National Security Council Secretariat. Earlier, he served as the Vice Chief of the Army Staff and General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of Central Command. Commissioned into the 8th Battalion of the Garhwal Rifles in 1985, he has over 40 years of military experience.

During his distinguished career, he commanded several important formations, including 16 Garhwal Rifles, 17 Mountain Division, and the prestigious 2 Corps on the Western Front. He has also served in key staff and instructional roles, including Defence Attaché in Kazakhstan and Chief Instructor at DSSC Wellington.

For his outstanding service, he has been awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM), Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM), Sena Medal (SM), and Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM).

Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan Appointed as New Chief of the Naval Staff

The Government has appointed Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan as the new Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS). He will succeed Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi, who is set to retire on 31 May 2026.

Vice Admiral Swaminathan is currently serving as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the Western Naval Command and is a specialist in Communication and Electronic Warfare. Commissioned into the Indian Navy on 1 July 1987, he is an alumnus of the National Defence Academy (NDA) and several prestigious defence institutions in India, the UK, and the USA.

During his distinguished naval career, he commanded several major warships, including INS Vikramaditya, INS Mysore, and INS Kulish. He has also held important positions such as Vice Chief of the Naval Staff, Chief of Personnel, and Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet.

A recipient of the Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM), Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM), and Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM), Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan is known for his contributions to naval operations, training, and maritime security.

Skyroot Aerospace Becomes India’s First Spacetech Unicorn

Skyroot Aerospace became India’s first spacetech unicorn on 7 May 2026 after raising $60 million at a $1.1 billion valuation. Skyroot is preparing to launch Vikram-1 from Sriharikota in the coming weeks, a mission that could become a major milestone for India’s fast-growing private space sector.

  • Significance:
    • First Indian spacetech start‑up to achieve unicorn status.
    • Strengthens India’s private space ecosystem after liberalisation of space sector in 2020.
    • Supports development of Vikram series rockets for cost‑effective satellite launches.

JANANI Platform Launched to Improve Maternal and Child Healthcare in India

The Union Health Ministry launched JANANI (Journey of Antenatal, Natal and Neonatal Integrated Care) to strengthen maternal and child healthcare in India on 7 May 2026. Developed as an upgraded version of the RCH portal, the digital platform helps track services like antenatal care, delivery, postnatal care, newborn care, immunization, and family planning.

JANANI features QR-enabled digital MCH cards, alerts for high-risk pregnancies, and integration with platforms like U-WIN and POSHAN. It supports registration through ABHA, Aadhaar, and mobile numbers to ensure continuity of care and better monitoring.

Till May 2026, the platform has recorded 1.34 crore beneficiary registrations and over 30 lakh pregnant women registrations.

Vietnam President To Lam Visits India (May 2026)

Vietnam’s President To Lam is on his first State Visit to India from 5–7 May 2026 to mark the 10th anniversary of the India–Vietnam Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, established in 2016. During the visit, he held talks with Prime Minister Narendra Modi, President Droupadi Murmu, and NSA Ajit Doval on strengthening cooperation in defence, trade, maritime security, critical technologies, and regional issues.

A major focus of the discussions was enhancing maritime cooperation and ensuring peace in the South China Sea, with both countries reaffirming their commitment to UNCLOS and peaceful dispute resolution. The visit also aimed at boosting bilateral trade and strategic partnerships through a strong business delegation accompanying the Vietnamese President.

As part of the cultural engagements, President To Lam visited Bodh Gaya, highlighting the shared Buddhist heritage between India and Vietnam, and also visited Mumbai to interact with business leaders. The visit reflects the growing strategic, economic, and cultural ties between the two nations in the Indo-Pacific region.

Shashi Shekhar Vempati Appointed New CBFC Chairperson

Shashi Shekhar Vempati, former CEO of Prasar Bharati and an alumnus of IIT Bombay, was appointed as the new Chairperson of the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) on 6 May 2026 for a three-year term. He succeeded noted lyricist Prasoon Joshi, who has now become the Chairman of Prasar Bharati. The appointment was announced by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting (MIB).

Vempati previously served as the CEO of Prasar Bharati (2017–2022), where he led the modernization of Doordarshan and All India Radio. He also headed Rajya Sabha TV and held senior positions at Infosys Technologies and Niti Digital. He is associated with initiatives like AI4India.org and has served on several broadcasting and technology-related boards.

The CBFC, functioning under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, is responsible for certifying films for public exhibition in India under the Cinematograph Act. It reviews films and issues age-based certifications such as U, UA, A, and S, ensuring compliance with legal and cultural standards.

South Coast Railway Becomes India’s 18th Railway Zone with HQ at Visakhapatnam

On 4 May 2026, the Ministry of Railways issued a Gazette notification formally constituting the South Coast Railway (SCoR) Zone with headquarters at Visakhapatnam. It will become India’s 18th railway zone and will start operations from 1 June 2026, fulfilling a statutory commitment under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.

Divisions under South Coast Railway (SCoR):

  • Guntakal Division
  • Guntur Division
  • Vijayawada Division
  • Newly created Visakhapatnam Division (carved out of Waltair Division)

🚆 List of All Railway Zones in India (as of May 2026)

S. No.Railway ZoneHeadquartersYear of Formation
1Northern Railway (NR)New Delhi1952
2North Eastern Railway (NER)Gorakhpur1952
3North Central Railway (NCR)Prayagraj2003
4North Western Railway (NWR)Jaipur2002
5North Frontier Railway (NFR)Guwahati1958
6Eastern Railway (ER)Kolkata1952
7East Central Railway (ECR)Hajipur2002
8East Coast Railway (ECoR)Bhubaneswar2003
9South Eastern Railway (SER)Kolkata1955
10South East Central Railway (SECR)Bilaspur2003
11Southern Railway (SR)Chennai1951
12South Central Railway (SCR)Secunderabad1966
13South Western Railway (SWR)Hubballi2003
14Western Railway (WR)Mumbai1951
15West Central Railway (WCR)Jabalpur2002
16Central Railway (CR)Mumbai1951
17Konkan Railway (KRCL – Corporation)Navi Mumbai1990
18South Coast Railway (SCoR)Visakhapatnam2026

Pulitzer Prize 2026: Indian Journalists Anand RK, Suparna Sharma and Aniruddha Ghosal Win Prestigious Awards

The Pulitzer Prize 2026 winners were announced on 4 May 2026 at Columbia University, New York, honoring excellence in journalism, books, drama, and music. Indian journalists Anand RK, Suparna Sharma, and Aniruddha Ghosal brought pride to the nation with their awards.

📰 Pulitzer Prize 2026 – Indian Winners

  • Anand RK & Suparna Sharma
    • Category: Illustrated Reporting and Commentary
    • Work: Bloomberg project on cybercrime in India
    • Significance: Highlights the growing challenges of digital security and investigative reporting in India.
  • Aniruddha Ghosal
    • Category: International Reporting
    • Work: Associated Press coverage of global issues, including governance and international conflicts.
    • Significance: Recognition of Indian journalists’ contribution to global investigative journalism.

🏆 About the Pulitzer Prize

  • Established: 1917, by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, a Hungarian-American journalist and newspaper publisher.
  • Administered by: Columbia University, New York.
  • Categories: Journalism, Books, Drama, and Music (23 categories in 2026).
  • Prestige: Considered the highest honor in American journalism, recognizing excellence in reporting, commentary, and storytelling.
  • Prize: Winners receive a certificate and USD 15,000 cash award (for most categories).

Union Cabinet Approves Increase in Supreme Court Judges from 33 to 37

The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved a proposal to increase the sanctioned strength of judges in the Supreme Court of India from 33 to 37, excluding the Chief Justice of India (CJI). For this, the government will introduce the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026 in Parliament to amend the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Act, 1956.

The move aims to improve the efficiency of the Supreme Court, reduce the growing pendency of cases, and ensure speedy justice. Expenses related to salaries, staff, and infrastructure for the additional judges will be funded through the Consolidated Fund of India.

Under Article 124 of the Constitution of India, Parliament has the authority to determine the number of Supreme Court judges. Since Independence, the strength of the apex court has gradually increased from 8 judges to 33 judges in 2019, and the latest proposal seeks to raise it further to 37 judges.

Mission Drishti: GalaxEye Launches World’s First OptoSAR Satellite

Indian space start-up GalaxEye has successfully launched Mission Drishti on 3 May 2026, placing the world’s first OptoSAR satellite into orbit aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. This 190 kg satellite is India’s largest privately built Earth observation spacecraft, combining optical and radar sensors to deliver all-weather, day-and-night imagery.

🚀 Mission Drishti: Key Facts

  • Launched on: 3 May 2026, 12:30 PM IST
  • Launch Vehicle: SpaceX Falcon 9, from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California
  • Developer: Bengaluru-based start-up GalaxEye Space Solutions, founded by IIT Madras alumni in 2021
  • Satellite Mass: ~190 kg (India’s largest privately built EO satellite)
  • Orbit: Sun-synchronous LEO at ~500 km altitude
  • Technology: Proprietary OptoSAR (Optical + Synthetic Aperture Radar) fusion
  • Resolution: 1.2–3.6 metres (combined SAR + optical)
  • Processing: Onboard AI with NVIDIA Jetson Orin chip for real-time analysis
  • Special Feature: Deployable 3.5 m radar antenna + electric propulsion system

🌐 What is OptoSAR Technology?

  • Optical Imaging: Provides clear, photo-like images but fails in cloudy or dark conditions.
  • SAR Imaging: Works day/night and through clouds, but produces coarse, harder-to-interpret data.
  • OptoSAR Fusion: Drishti combines both sensors on a single platform, capturing data simultaneously and fusing it in real time.
  • Advantage: Delivers three times more information than traditional satellites, ensuring sharper, analysis-ready datasets.

Election Results 2026: BJP’s Bengal Breakthrough, Congress in Kerala, Vijay’s TVK in Tamil Nadu

The 2026 State Assembly Election results mark a historic political shift across India: BJP has formed its first-ever government in West Bengal, retained Assam with a strong majority, Congress-led UDF reclaimed Kerala, actor Vijay’s Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK) stormed Tamil Nadu, and AINRC-led NDA held Puducherry. These results reshape regional politics and set the stage for the 2029 Lok Sabha elections.

🗳️ State-Wise Assembly Election Results 2026

State/UTTotal SeatsMajority MarkWinning Party/AllianceSeat Tally (2026)Key Outcome
West Bengal294148BJP206 seatsBJP ends TMC’s 15-year rule; Mamata Banerjee loses Bhabanipur to Suvendu Adhikari.
Assam12664BJP-led NDA82 seats (BJP alone)BJP secures third consecutive term; Himanta Biswa Sarma retains CM post.
Tamil Nadu234118TVK (Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam)108 seatsSuperstar Vijay’s party breaks DMK-AIADMK duopoly; CM MK Stalin defeated in Kolathur.
Kerala14071Congress-led UDF92–100 seatsUDF ousts LDF; CPI(M) loses its last state government.
Puducherry (UT)3016AINRC-BJP-AIADMK alliance12–15 seatsNDA retains power under CM N. Rangasamy.
  • West Bengal: Historic saffron surge; BJP forms government for the first time. TMC reduced to ~80 seats.
  • Assam: BJP consolidates dominance, winning over 80 seats alone; allies add strength.
  • Tamil Nadu: TVK’s debut victory reshapes state politics, ending 58 years of DMK-AIADMK dominance.
  • Kerala: Congress proves resilience, sweeping back to power; Left Front suffers major setback.
  • Puducherry: NDA alliance continues governance, ensuring stability in the UT.

India Women’s Squad for ICC T20 World Cup 2026

The BCCI announced the Indian women’s cricket squad for the ICC Women’s T20 World Cup 2026 on 2 May 2026.

  • 👩‍✈️ Captain: Harmanpreet Kaur
  • 🧢 Vice-Captain: Smriti Mandhana

📅 Tournament Details

  • 🏴 Host: England
  • 📆 Dates: 12 June – 5 July 2026
  • 🏟️ Final Venue: Lord’s Cricket Ground

📌 Team Highlights

  • Strong batting lineup including Shafali Verma, Jemimah Rodrigues, Richa Ghosh
  • Yastika Bhatia and Radha Yadav return to the squad
  • Nandni Sharma gets a maiden call-up

🏆 Group Details

  • India is placed in Group 1 with: Australia, South Africa, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Netherlands
  • First match: vs Pakistan on 14 June at Edgbaston

Prasoon Joshi Appointed Chairman of Prasar Bharati

The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting appointed Prasoon Joshi as the Chairman of Prasar Bharati on 2 May 2026.

Prasoon Joshi is a renowned lyricist, writer, and communication expert with extensive experience in advertising, cinema, and public messaging.

📌 Key Highlights

  • Previously served as Chairperson of the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) since 2017
  • Held leadership roles such as CEO of McCann World Group India and Chairman of McCann Asia Pacific
  • Trustee at Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA)

Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw expressed confidence that Joshi’s leadership will bring innovation and creative direction to public broadcasting.

🏛️ About Prasar Bharati

  • Established under the Prasar Bharati Act, 1990 (operational since 1997)
  • India’s autonomous public broadcaster
  • Oversees All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan (DD)

Rohit Jain Appointed RBI Deputy Governor (May-2026)

The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved the appointment of Rohit Jain, Executive Director (ED) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), as the new Deputy Governor (DG).

  • 📅 Tenure: 3 years (from joining on or after 3 May 2026)
  • 👨‍💼 Experience: Nearly 30 years in RBI, with key roles including banking supervision
  • 🔁 Replaces: T. Rabi Sankar, whose tenure ended after extensions in 2024 and 2025

Jain has been serving as an Executive Director since December 2020 and was among the senior-most candidates for the DG post.

  • He becomes one of the Deputy Governors promoted internally, along with SC Murmu (appointed in 2025)
  • Other DGs include Poonam Gupta and Swaminathan J, appointed from outside RBI
  • Department reshuffling is expected after his appointment

Seven-year-old Ishank Singh becomes youngest swimmer to cross Palk Strait

Seven-year-old Ishank Singh from Ranchi, Jharkhand, has created history by becoming the youngest swimmer to cross the treacherous 29 km Palk Strait between Sri Lanka and India on April 30, 2026, completing the feat in 9 hours and 50 minutes. He has been recognized by the Universal Records Forum as the “Youngest and Fastest Palk Strait Swimmer.”

🌐 About the Palk Strait

  • Location: Narrow sea channel between Tamil Nadu (India) and Northern Sri Lanka
  • Length: ~85 km, width varies between 30–80 km
  • Significance: Historically important for trade and cultural exchange; now a popular challenge for open-water swimmers due to strong currents and unpredictable weather.

🏆 Previous & Other Records

  • Jay Jaswanth (Tamil Nadu, 2019): Crossed at age 10, in 10h 30m.
  • Bula Choudhury (West Bengal, 1991): First Indian woman to cross Palk Strait.
  • Other Notable Swims: The Strait has been attempted by endurance swimmers worldwide, often compared to the English Channel for difficulty.

Sikkim Becomes India’s First Paperless Judiciary State (2026)

Sikkim has officially become India’s first state with a fully paperless judiciary, marking a historic milestone in judicial reforms. Chief Justice of India Surya Kant announced this on May 1, 2026, during the National Conclave on Technology and Judicial Education in Gangtok.

📌 Key Highlights of the Declaration

  • Date & Occasion: Declared on May 1, 2026, at the National Conclave on Technology and Judicial Education in Gangtok.
  • By: Chief Justice of India Surya Kant.
  • Significance: Sikkim becomes the first state judiciary in India to go fully paperless.
  • Context: Announcement coincided with Sikkim’s 50th Statehood anniversary, adding symbolic importance.
⚖️ What “Paperless Judiciary” Means
  • E-filing of cases: All petitions and documents are filed digitally.
  • Virtual hearings: Litigants and lawyers can attend proceedings online.
  • Digital case tracking: Real-time updates on case status.
  • Automated workflows: Court processes streamlined through technology.
  • Digitised archives: Complete migration from physical records to electronic storage.

Buddha Purnima (Vesak) : History

Buddha Purnima, also known as Vesak, is one of the most important festivals for Buddhists. It marks the birth, enlightenment (Nirvana), and death (Mahaparinirvana) of Lord Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. The festival is observed on the full moon day (Purnima) of Vaishakha month (April–May). Buddha Purnima was celebrated on 1 May 2026.

  • Gautama Buddha was born as Prince Siddhartha in Lumbini (present-day Nepal) around 563 BCE.
  • He attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya (Bihar).
  • He delivered his first sermon at Sarnath (Uttar Pradesh).
  • He attained Mahaparinirvana at Kushinagar (Uttar Pradesh).

Kailash Manasarovar Yatra 2026

The Kailash Manasarovar Yatra 2026 will be conducted from June to August 2026, with online registrations open till 19 May 2026 on the official portal. A total of 2,000 pilgrims will be selected through a computerized, fair, and gender-balanced lottery system.

The Yatra will take place via two routes:

  • Lipulekh Pass (Uttarakhand)
  • Nathu La Pass (Sikkim)
    It will be organized in 20 batches, with 50 yatris per batch.

Mount Kailash is considered the abode of Lord Shiva, while Lake Manasarovar is sacred for ritual bathing. The Yatra also holds importance in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

Q. With reference to the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra 2026, consider the following statements:

  1. The Yatra will be conducted between June and August 2026.
  2. Pilgrims will be selected through a computerized, gender-balanced lottery system.
  3. The Yatra is conducted only through the Nathu La Pass route.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: A (1 and 2 only)

  • Statement 1 – Correct: The Yatra is scheduled from June to August 2026.
  • Statement 2 – Correct: Selection is done through a computerized, fair, and gender-balanced lottery system.
  • Statement 3 – Incorrect: The Yatra is conducted through two routes—Lipulekh Pass (Uttarakhand) and Nathu La Pass (Sikkim), not only Nathu La.

West Bengal Assembly Elections 2026 Record 92.47% Voter Turnout – Highest Since Independence

West Bengal recorded a historic voter turnout of 92.47% in the two-phase Assembly elections (April 2026), the highest since Independence.

  • Phase 1 (23 April): 93.19% turnout
  • Phase 2 (30 April): 91.66% turnout

The state has a voter base of 6.81 crore, with women voters (92.28%) slightly outnumbering men (91.07%) in participation.

This surpasses the previous state record of 84.72% in 2011 Assembly elections. At the national level, Tripura holds the highest turnout record (93.61% in 2013).

Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar praised the high participation. The Election Commission also noted record turnout in Assam and Puducherry.

🗓️ Vote counting for West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Assam, and Puducherry will be held on 4 May 2026, along with by-elections in several states.

Women and Men in India 2025 Report: Key Highlights

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the 27th edition of “Women and Men in India 2025” on 29 April 2026 at the Data for Development Summit in Bhubaneswar.

The report provides gender-based data on key areas such as population, education, health, employment, and decision-making, using data from multiple government sources.

Key Highlights:

  • 👶 Sex Ratio at Birth improved from 904 (2017–19) to 917 (2021–23), showing better female survival.
  • 🏥 Infant Mortality Rate declined for both boys and girls between 2008–2023.
  • 🎓 Education: Gender parity achieved from primary to higher secondary levels.
    • Higher education enrolment increased, especially for females.
  • 👩‍🌾 Employment: Female labour force participation rose significantly, especially in rural areas
    • Rural women: 37.5% → 45.9% (2022–2025)
  • 🧑‍💼 Leadership Roles: Women in managerial positions increased by 102.54% (2017–2025), higher than men’s growth.
  • 📑 The report includes 50 key indicators with metadata to aid policymakers and researchers.
  • 🌍 Provides state-wise and rural-urban analysis to track gender development trends.

Ganga Expressway: PM Modi Inaugurates 594 km Meerut–Prayagraj Highway

The Ganga Expressway is one of India’s largest greenfield expressway projects, developed in Uttar Pradesh to enhance high-speed connectivity and economic growth. Spanning approximately 594 km, it connects Meerut in western UP to Prayagraj in eastern UP, passing through 12 districts and significantly improving regional transport infrastructure.

The expressway was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 29 April 2026 in Hardoi district. It has been constructed at an estimated cost of around ₹36,000+ crore and is designed as a 6-lane access-controlled highway (expandable to 8 lanes).

🔑 Key Features:

  • Length: ~594 km (longest expressway in Uttar Pradesh)
  • Route: Meerut → Prayagraj
  • Travel Time: Reduced from 10–12 hours to about 6–7 hours
  • Special Feature: Includes an airstrip for emergency aircraft landing
  • Industrial Corridor: Planned development of manufacturing and logistics hubs along the route

UAE Exit from OPEC and OPEC+ from May 1, 2026

On 28 April 2026, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced that it will exit the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the broader OPEC+ alliance, with effect from 1 May 2026. The decision follows a review of its energy strategy, production capacity, and long-term economic priorities, aiming to gain greater flexibility in oil production and respond better to global market dynamics.

The UAE, a member since 1967, has been one of OPEC’s largest oil producers, with a production capacity close to 5 million barrels per day. However, OPEC+ production quotas had limited its output, prompting the move to independently align production with market demand and national interests. The country emphasized it will continue to support global energy stability while investing in oil, gas, and renewable energy sectors.

The exit comes amid global energy market volatility, including tensions around the Strait of Hormuz, and ongoing differences over production policies within OPEC+. This move is seen as a significant shift in global oil geopolitics, raising questions about OPEC’s unity and influence.

🛢️ About OPEC:

  • Full Form: Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
  • Established: 1960 (Baghdad Conference)
  • Headquarters: Vienna, Austria
  • Objective: To coordinate and unify petroleum policies among member countries and ensure stable oil prices in global markets
  • Key Members: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Venezuela, etc.
  • OPEC+: An extended group including non-OPEC producers like Russia, formed to manage global oil supply

New Badminton Scoring Format 2027: BWF Approves 3×15 System from January 2027

The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has approved a major change in the scoring system, shifting from the traditional 3×21 format to a 3×15 format, effective from 4 January 2027. The decision was taken at the BWF Annual General Meeting (26 April 2026, Denmark) with strong support.

Under the new system, matches will still be best-of-three games, but each game will be played up to 15 points instead of 21, making matches shorter, faster, and more intense. The change aims to improve audience engagement, broadcast scheduling, and player welfare by reducing match duration and physical strain.

While some players support the move for its high-intensity gameplay, others have raised concerns about altering the traditional nature of the sport.

India–New Zealand FTA 2026: 100% Duty-Free Access for Indian Exports

On 27 April 2026, India and New Zealand signed a landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in New Delhi, granting 100% duty-free access to Indian exports in the New Zealand market. The agreement also includes a $20 billion investment commitment from New Zealand over 15 years and is expected to double bilateral trade within a decade.

The FTA covers 8,284 Indian export products such as textiles, leather, automobiles, and ceramics, while New Zealand will receive tariff elimination on 95% of its exports to India, including dairy and wine. It also provides a mobility pathway with 5,000 annual visas for professionals.

Strategically, the deal strengthens India’s Indo-Pacific trade presence and helps New Zealand diversify its markets. However, concerns remain over agricultural competition, especially in the dairy sector, and the agreement requires final ratification before implementation.

Kenya’s Sabastian Sawe Becomes First Man to Officially Run a Marathon Under Two Hours

Kenya’s Sabastian Sawe created history on 26 April 2026 at the London Marathon by becoming the first athlete to officially run a marathon under two hours, finishing in 1:59:30 and breaking Kelvin Kiptum’s 2023 record (2:00:35). The race distance of a marathon is 42.195 km, a standard set during the 1908 London Olympics.

The marathon traces its origin to ancient Greece, inspired by the legend of a messenger Pheidippides, who ran from Marathon to Athens to announce victory in a battle.

Sawe’s achievement, along with Tigst Assefa’s women-only world record, marks a historic milestone in athletics, proving that the sub-2 hour barrier is achievable in official competition and making it highly important for current affairs.

India Achieves Record 6.05 GW Wind Power Addition in FY 2025–26, Crosses 56 GW Capacity

India achieved a record wind power addition of 6.05 GW in FY 2025–26, surpassing its previous peak and marking a 46% increase over the previous year. This pushed the country’s total installed wind capacity beyond 56 GW, showing strong growth in the renewable energy sector.

The expansion has been driven by supportive government policies, improved infrastructure, competitive bidding, and better project execution, especially in key states like Gujarat, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. Initiatives such as hybrid wind-solar projects, green energy open access, tax benefits, and transmission charge waivers have further accelerated development.

India’s wind energy sector, which began in the early 1990s, has now become a major global player. This rapid growth will significantly contribute to India’s goal of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity by 2030, supporting a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.

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