Ramadan Begins in India on 2 March 2025

Ramadan commenced in India on Sunday, 2 March 2025, as Muslims across the country began their first day of fasting. The month-long observance started in various other nations as well, following the sighting of the crescent moon.

On Saturday, Maulana Mufti Mukarram Ahmed, the Shahi Imam of Fatehpuri Mosque, along with religious organizations, announced the official start of Ramadan. Due to poor weather conditions, the crescent moon was not visible on Saturday, making Sunday the first fasting day.

Ramadan is observed as a month of fasting from dawn to sunset, concluding with Eid-ul-Fitr. Muslims also participate in special nightly prayers, Tarawih, during which the entire Quran is recited over the month. The fasting period ends with the sighting of the Eid moon, marking the beginning of festivities.

World Wildlife Day on March 3rd: Protecting Our Planet’s Precious Species

World Wildlife Day, celebrated annually on March 3rd, is a global event dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of protecting our planet’s diverse flora and fauna. Established by the United Nations General Assembly in 2013, this day serves as a reminder of our collective responsibility to conserve wildlife and their habitats for future generations.

The Significance of World Wildlife Day

World Wildlife Day highlights the urgent need to combat wildlife crime and promote sustainable use of natural resources. With over 8,000 species of animals and plants at risk of extinction, it is crucial to take action to protect biodiversity and ensure the survival of endangered species.

2025 Theme: “Recovering Key Species for Ecosystem Restoration”

The theme for World Wildlife Day 2025 focuses on recovering key species that play a vital role in maintaining ecosystem balance. By restoring these species, we can enhance the resilience of ecosystems and promote sustainable development.

India Defeats New Zealand by 44 Runs in ICC Men’s Champions Trophy 2025

On March 2, 2025, India defeated New Zealand by 44 runs in the final Group A match of the ICC Men’s Champions Trophy at the Dubai International Cricket Stadium. This win solidifies India’s dominance as they head into the semifinals.

Match Summary: India vs. New Zealand

India’s Batting Performance
After winning the toss, New Zealand opted to bowl first. The Men in Blue set a competitive total of 249/9 in 50 overs.

  • Shreyas Iyer was the top scorer with 79 runs.
  • Hardik Pandya contributed 45 runs to strengthen India’s innings.
  • Matt Henry was the standout bowler for New Zealand, taking 5 wickets.

New Zealand’s Chase and India’s Bowling Brilliance
Chasing 250 runs, New Zealand was bowled out for 205 runs in 45.3 overs.

  • Kane Williamson was the top scorer for the Kiwis with 81 runs.
  • Varun Chakravarthy delivered a match-winning spell, taking 5 wickets.
  • Kuldeep Yadav claimed 2 wickets, while Hardik Pandya, Axar Patel, and Ravindra Jadeja took 1 wicket each.

Player of the Match
Varun Chakravarthy was awarded the Player of the Match for his exceptional bowling performance.

Semifinal Implications & Kohli’s Milestone

  • Both India and New Zealand have already qualified for the ICC Champions Trophy 2025 semifinals from Group A.
  • The winner of this match will face Australia in the semifinals, while the loser will take on South Africa.
  • This match is historic for Virat Kohli, who is playing his 300th ODI today.

Key Highlights of the Match

✔ India defeated New Zealand by 44 runs in a thrilling ODI clash.
✔ Varun Chakravarthy’s 5-wicket haul dismantled the Kiwi batting lineup.
✔ Shreyas Iyer’s 79-run knock played a crucial role in India’s total.
✔ Virat Kohli achieves a career milestone with his 300th ODI appearance.
✔ India tops Group A and is set to face Australia in the semifinals.

Zoe Saldaña Wins Best Supporting Actress Oscar for Emilia Pérez

On March 2, 2025, Zoe Saldaña made history by winning the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress for her outstanding performance in the Spanish-language musical, Emilia Pérez. This monumental victory marks her as the first American of Dominican descent to receive an Academy Award, further solidifying her status as a trailblazer in Hollywood.

Zoe Saldaña’s Role in Emilia Pérez

Saldaña delivered a compelling portrayal of Rita Castro, a struggling lawyer hired by a Mexican drug lord to facilitate gender-affirming surgery. Her performance captivated both audiences and critics, showcasing her remarkable versatility and emotional depth. The film, celebrated for its unique narrative and powerful storytelling, gained widespread acclaim, contributing to Saldaña’s success this awards season.

Emotional Acceptance Speech

During her heartfelt acceptance speech, Saldaña thanked her family, cast, and crew, dedicating the award to her grandmother, who immigrated to the United States in 1961. She also acknowledged the strong women who shaped her journey and emphasized the importance of immigrant representation in Hollywood. “I am a proud child of immigrant parents,” she declared, inspiring many with her words.

A Winning Streak in Awards Season

Saldaña’s Oscar win follows an impressive awards season, where she also secured victories at the:

  • Golden Globe Awards
  • BAFTAs
  • Critics Choice Awards
  • Screen Actors Guild Awards

Her success in Emilia Pérez cements her place in cinematic history and highlights the growing impact of diverse storytelling in Hollywood.

Other Notable Oscar Wins

In addition to Saldaña’s triumph, Kieran Culkin won the Best Supporting Actor award for his role in A Real Pain.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 1 March 2025

Q: On February 28, 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and U.S. President Donald Trump clashed publicly over which issue?

A) U.S. sanctions on Russia
B) Ukraine’s refusal to negotiate with Russia
C) NATO’s expansion in Eastern Europe
D) Military aid to Israel

Show Answer
Answer: B) Ukraine’s refusal to negotiate with Russia
On February 28, 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and U.S. President Donald Trump clashed publicly at the White House over Ukraine’s war with Russia.

Q: Sensex closed at 73,198 on 28 February 2025. What was the all-time high level of the Sensex before its recent decline?

a) 85,978
b) 80,250
c) 78,615
d) 88,500

Show Answer
Answer: a) 85,978
The Indian stock market experienced a sharp decline on February 28, 2025, due to weak global cues and escalating trade tensions. The Sensex plunged 1,414 points (1.9%) to close at 73,198, marking a monthly loss of 4,303 points (5.6%) and a 15% drop from its all-time high.

Q: What was India’s GDP growth rate in real terms during the October-December quarter of 2024-25?

a) 5.6%
b) 6.2%
c) 6.8%
d) 7.0%

Show Answer
Answer: b) 6.2%
India’s economy grew by 6.2% in real terms during the October-December quarter of 2024-25, according to official data released on 28 February 2025. This growth was higher than the 5.6% recorded in the previous quarter but below the 6.8% forecast by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Q: Where did the avalanche occur that trapped Border Roads Organisation (BRO) workers on February 28, 2025?

A) Kedarnath
B) Mana village, Chamoli district
C) Gangotri
D) Nainital

Show Answer
Answer: B) Mana village, Chamoli district
An avalanche struck near Mana village in Uttarakhand’s Chamoli district, trapping 57 Border Roads Organisation (BRO) workers onFebruary 28, 2025

Avalanche in Uttarakhand: 32 BRO Workers Rescued, 25 Still Trapped

An avalanche struck near Mana village in Uttarakhand’s Chamoli district, trapping 57 Border Roads Organisation (BRO) workers. As of February 28, 2025, 32 workers have been safely rescued, while 25 remain trapped, with ongoing rescue operations.

Rescue Efforts: Uttarakhand Disaster Management Department is conducting relief operations on a war footing.

Emergency Helpline Numbers: 8218867005, 9058441404, 0135 2664315, Toll-Free: 1070

The avalanche occurred six kilometers from Badrinath Dham, affecting a GREF camp of BRO. Search and rescue operations continue to save the remaining trapped workers.

India’s economy grew by 6.2% in real terms during the October-December quarter of 2024-25

India’s economy grew by 6.2% in real terms during the October-December quarter of 2024-25, according to official data released on 28 February 2025. This growth was higher than the 5.6% recorded in the previous quarter but below the 6.8% forecast by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The weaker-than-expected growth is attributed to sluggish consumption and stock market performance.

The RBI’s GDP growth projection for 2024-25 is 6.6%, with the economy expected to grow by 7.2% in the January-March quarter. India’s real GDP growth for 2024-25 is estimated at 6.5%, lower than the 8.2% growth in 2023-24. Nominal GDP is projected to grow at 9.7% in 2024-25.

India remained the fastest-growing major economy, with 8.2% growth in 2023-24, following 7.2% in 2022-23 and 8.7% in 2021-22. The World Bank emphasized the need for 7.8% average growth over the next 22 years for India to become a developed nation by 2047, requiring bold reforms and effective execution.

Sensex Crashes 1,414 points, Amid Global Trade Tensions

The Indian stock market experienced a sharp decline on February 28, 2025, due to weak global cues and escalating trade tensions. The Sensex plunged 1,414 points (1.9%) to close at 73,198, marking a monthly loss of 4,303 points (5.6%) and a 15% drop from its all-time high. Similarly, the Nifty 50 fell 420 points (1.86%) to settle at 22,125, recording a 5.9% decline in February and a 16% drop from its peak.

The downturn followed U.S. President Donald Trump’s announcement of tariffs on Canada, Mexico (starting March 4), and an additional 10% on China, triggering fears of a global trade war. The sell-off was broad-based, with all sectoral indices closing in the red. IndusInd Bank (-7%) led the losses, followed by Tech Mahindra, Tata Motors, Infosys, and Nestle India (-4% to -6%). Only HDFC Bank (+2%) managed to gain.

IT and auto stocks suffered the most, falling 4% each, while FMCG, healthcare, and capital goods declined over 2%. The BSE MidCap and SmallCap indices dropped over 2%, with the SmallCap index recording its steepest monthly fall in five years.

Investor sentiment remained highly negative, with 3,248 stocks declining out of 4,081 traded, and 476 hitting lower circuit limits. Analysts predict Nifty support at 21,800-22,000, with further downside risks if breached.

Trump-Zelenskiy Clash at White House: U.S. Support for Ukraine in Jeopardy

On February 28, 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and U.S. President Donald Trump clashed publicly at the White House over Ukraine’s war with Russia. Zelenskiy sought U.S. support, but Trump and Vice President JD Vance pushed for diplomacy, with Trump accusing Zelenskiy of disrespecting the U.S. and being unwilling to make peace.

Trump threatened to withdraw U.S. support unless Ukraine negotiated with Russia, telling Zelenskiy, “You don’t have the cards.” Zelenskiy refused to compromise with “a killer” like Putin, while Vance criticized him for not showing gratitude.

A natural resources deal between Ukraine and the U.S. was left unsigned. The agreement would have given the U.S. access to Ukraine’s mineral wealth but lacked security guarantees, disappointing Kyiv. Trump argued that U.S. business presence would serve as a guarantee.

Trump’s shift away from European security commitments has alarmed Kyiv and its allies, raising fears that Ukraine could be forced into a Russia-favored peace deal. Trump, aiming to end the war and improve U.S.-Russia relations, criticized Zelenskiy’s leadership, calling him a “dictator.”

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 28 February 2025

Q: What critical resource was at the center of the agreement between Ukraine and the United States in February 2025?

a) Oil reserves
b) Natural gas
c) Rare earth minerals
d) Agricultural products

Show Answer
Ans: c) Rare earth minerals
On February 27, 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy visited the White House to finalize a significant minerals agreement with the United States. This deal grants the US access to Ukraine’s rare earth mineral deposits.

Q: Who was appointed as the new Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) on February 27, 2025?

a) Madhabi Puri Buch
b) Tuhin Kanta Pandey
c) Raghuram Rajan
d) Uday Kotak

Show Answer
Ans: b) Tuhin Kanta Pandey
On February 27, 2025, Tuhin Kanta Pandey was appointed as the new Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), succeeding Madhabi Puri Buch.

Q: What was the theme of the 10th India International Dance and Music Festival held from 22 to 27 February 2025, in New Delhi?

a) Unity in Diversity
b) Global Harmony
c) Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
d) Cultural Confluence

Show Answer
Ans: c) Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
The 10th edition of the India International Dance and Music Festival, themed “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (The World is One Family), was held from February 22 to February 27, 2025, in New Delhi.

Q: Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery that National Science Day (February 28) celebrates?

a) Albert Einstein
b) Niels Bohr
c) Sir C.V. Raman
d) Isaac Newton

Show Answer
Ans: c) Sir C.V. Raman
National Science Day is celebrated annually on February 28 in India to honor the discovery of the Raman Effect by the Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman on this day in 1928.

Q: Who is the President of the European Commission who visited India on February 27, 2025?

a) Angela Merkel
b) Ursula von der Leyen
c) Emmanuel Macron
d) Jean-Claude Juncker

Show Answer
Ans: b) Ursula von der Leyen
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen arrived in India on February 27, 2025 for a two-day visit to strengthen India-EU bilateral cooperation in trade, investment, defense, and clean energy.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen’s Visit to India (February 27-28, 2025)

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen arrived in India on February 27, 2025 for a two-day visit to strengthen India-EU bilateral cooperation in trade, investment, defense, and clean energy.

Key Highlights:

Held talks with Indian PM Narendra Modi on the India-EU free trade deal, tariffs on goods, and defense exports.

Discussions aimed at finalizing a new strategic partnership roadmap to be unveiled at the India-EU Summit later in 2025.

Stressed India’s role as a strategic ally for Europe amid global conflicts and competition.

Met External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and other senior officials.

National Science Day is celebrated annually on February 28

National Science Day is celebrated annually on February 28 in India to honor the discovery of the Raman Effect by the Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman on this day in 1928. The celebration of this day highlights the importance of science and its role in society.

Historical Background: National Science Day was first celebrated in 1987, after the Government of India accepted a proposal from the National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC) to mark this occasion. The day serves as a tribute to Sir C.V. Raman, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his groundbreaking work in the field of light scattering.

India International Dance and Music Festival held from 22 to 27 February 2025, in New Delhi

The 10th edition of the India International Dance and Music Festival, themed “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (The World is One Family), was held from February 22 to February 27, 2025, in New Delhi. It was organized by the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) in collaboration with the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) at Baansera Park on the banks of the Yamuna River.

The festival showcased a diverse array of dance and music performances from artists around the world. Participants from countries including India, Russia, Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, Fiji, Malaysia, Maldives, Vietnam, South Africa, and Rwanda highlighted their rich cultural heritage, promoting cross-cultural understanding and artistic collaboration.

The theme, “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam,” emphasized global unity and harmony. The event also marked the ecological revival of the Yamuna floodplain, symbolizing the confluence of culture and nature. With thousands of attendees, the festival was a resounding success, embodying the spirit of global togetherness and cultural exchange.

Tuhin Kanta Pandey appointed as new SEBI Chairman

On February 27, 2025, Tuhin Kanta Pandey was appointed as the new Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), succeeding Madhabi Puri Buch. Finance Secretary Tuhin Kanta Pandey, a 1987-batch IAS officer from the Odisha cadre, brings extensive experience in financial and economic policy to his new role.

As the 11th chairman of SEBI, Pandey will serve a three-year term, during which he is expected to focus on enhancing market transparency, investor protection, and the overall stability of the financial markets.

Pandey’s predecessor, Madhabi Puri Buch, was the first woman to lead SEBI and served a three-year term that concluded on February 28, 2025. Her tenure was marked by significant regulatory advancements and initiatives aimed at strengthening the financial ecosystem in India.

Ukraine Grants the U.S. Access to Ukraine’s Rare Earth Minerals

On February 27, 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy visited the White House to finalize a significant minerals agreement with the United States. This deal grants the US access to Ukraine’s rare earth mineral deposits, which are crucial for industries such as aerospace, defense, and nuclear.

President Donald Trump, who announced the visit, emphasized that the agreement would help the U.S. recoup some of the financial aid provided to Ukraine during its ongoing conflict with Russia. Trump framed the deal as a way for Kyiv to repay the U.S. for the support it has received, while also strengthening ties between the two nations.

However, Zelenskyy insisted on security guarantees before finalizing the agreement, highlighting the importance of continued U.S. military support for Ukraine. The framework of the economic deal had been established, but the full agreement hinged on the upcoming talks in Washington.

The minerals deal represents a preliminary step toward a comprehensive package that will require ratification by the Ukrainian parliament. As the two leaders continue their discussions, the world watches closely to see how this agreement will shape the future of U.S.-Ukraine relations and the ongoing conflict with Russia.

Advantage Assam 2.0 Summit 2025 held on February 25-26, 2025, in Guwahati

The Advantage Assam 2.0 Investment and Infrastructure Summit 2025 was held on February 25-26, 2025, in Guwahati, Assam. This summit aimed to position Assam as a premier investment destination in India and Southeast Asia, showcasing the state’s potential across various sectors.

Key Highlights:

Investment Proposals: The summit concluded with investment proposals worth Rs 10,785 crore signed across multiple sectors, including infrastructure, healthcare, manufacturing, mining, hospitality, and green energy.

Major Announcements: The Adani Group announced a massive Rs 50,000 crore investment in Assam, focusing on airports, aero-cities, city gas distribution, power transmission, cement, and road projects. Additionally, the Central government pledged Rs 1 lakh crore for infrastructure development in sectors such as road transport, railway connectivity, waterways enhancement, and air connectivity.

Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs): A total of 164 MoUs were signed across 15 sectors, reflecting the growing confidence of industry leaders in Assam’s economic potential. Notable agreements included investments in data centers, super-specialty hospitals, cement plants, hydrogen and steam generation plants, eco-resorts, and manufacturing plants.

International Collaborations: The summit also saw several international collaborations, including an MoU with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for developmental support in health and agriculture. Singapore’s Ministry of Trade and Industry signed an agreement to cooperate on nursing talent skills, while Japanese companies committed to establishing skill training institutes and language centers.

Government Support: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the summit, emphasizing Assam’s strategic importance and its role in India’s growth story. He highlighted the state’s dynamic workforce, rapid growth, and the government’s commitment to promoting industry and ease of doing business.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 27 February 2025

Q: Under the Gold Card Investor Visa Programme announced by US in February 2025, what is the required investment amount to obtain the visa?

a) $1 million
b) $3 million
c) $5 million
d) $10 million

Show Answer
Ans: c) $5 million
The United States has announced the introduction of the Gold Card Investor Visa Programme, a new initiative aimed at attracting high-net-worth individuals to invest in the country.

Q: Which organization, along with the Indian Navy, conducted the successful test of Naval Anti-Ship Missile (NASM-SR) in February 2025?

(A) ISRO
(B) HAL
(C) DRDO
(D) BARC

Show Answer
Answer: (C) DRDO
DRDO and the Indian Navy successfully conducted flight trials of the Naval Anti-Ship Missile (NASM-SR) from the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur, Odisha.

Q: How much total loan amount has been provided under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) as of December 2024?

(A) ₹4.26 lakh crore
(B) ₹7 lakh crore
(C) ₹10 lakh crore
(D) ₹12 lakh crore

Show Answer
Answer: (C) ₹10 lakh crore
Over ₹10 lakh crore in loans have been provided under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC), benefiting 7.72 crore farmers.

Q: What was the primary goal of the Advantage Assam 2.0 Summit held on February 25-26, 2025, in Guwahati?

a) Promote tourism in Assam
b) Position Assam as a premier investment destination
c) Organize cultural events
d) Develop educational institutions

Show Answer
Ans: b) Position Assam as a premier investment destination
The Advantage Assam 2.0 Investment and Infrastructure Summit 2025 was held on February 25-26, 2025, in Guwahati, Assam. This summit aimed to position Assam as a premier investment destination in India and Southeast Asia

Kisan Credit Card loans cross 10 Lakh Crore, benefitting 7.72 crore farmers

Over ₹10 lakh crore in loans have been provided under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC), benefiting 7.72 crore farmers. KCC offers timely and affordable credit for agricultural inputs.

The government provides a 1.5% interest subvention on short-term agricultural loans up to ₹3 lakh, reducing the interest rate to 7% per annum. Additionally, a 3% Prompt Repayment Incentive lowers the effective interest rate to 4% for timely repayments.

The total loan amount under KCC has more than doubled from ₹4.26 lakh crore in 2014 to over ₹10 lakh crore in December 2024.

DRDO & Indian Navy Successfully Test Naval Anti-Ship Missile (NASM-SR) with In-Flight Retargeting Capability

DRDO and the Indian Navy successfully conducted flight trials of the Naval Anti-Ship Missile (NASM-SR) from the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur, Odisha. The missile was launched from an Indian Naval Seaking Helicopter and demonstrated its capability against ship targets.

The missile, equipped with an Indigenous Imaging Infra-Red Seeker, achieved a direct hit in sea-skimming mode. It also demonstrated a high-bandwidth two-way datalink for live image transmission and advanced mid-course guidance systems, including a Fiber Optic Gyroscope-based INS, Radio Altimeter, and Electro-Mechanical actuators.

US announces Gold Card Investor Visa Programme for wealthy individuals to invest in the country

The United States has announced the introduction of the Gold Card Investor Visa Programme, a new initiative aimed at attracting high-net-worth individuals to invest in the country. This programme, announced by President Donald Trump on February 25, 2025, is set to replace the existing EB-5 Immigrant Investor Visa Program.

Under the Gold Card Investor Visa Programme, foreign investors can obtain permanent residency in the United States by making a $5 million investment (Rs 43.5 Crore Approximately). This investment will grant them Green Card privileges and provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship. The programme is designed to streamline the process for wealthy individuals to gain residency, with the aim of stimulating the U.S. economy through their investments.

Unlike the EB-5 program, which required investments in American businesses and the creation of jobs, the Gold Card Visa will not have such requirements. Instead, it allows for a direct purchase of a Green Card by paying a flat fee to the U.S. government. This change is expected to reduce the risks of fraud and misuse that were associated with the EB-5 program.

The Gold Card Investor Visa Programme is anticipated to bring significant revenue to the U.S. government and attract business leaders capable of creating jobs and driving economic growth. However, it has also raised concerns about the ethical implications of putting American citizenship on sale and potentially favoring wealthy individuals over skilled professionals.

The programme is expected to launch in the coming weeks, with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) administering and regulating the issuance of the Gold Card.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 26 February 2025

Q.: Who has been elected as the next Chancellor of Germany in February 2025?

A) Olaf Scholz
B) Annalena Baerbock
C) Friedrich Merz
D) Markus Söder

Show Answer
Ans: C) Friedrich Merz
Friedrich Merz is set to become the next Chancellor of Germany after winning the early election on February 23, 2025.

Q.: How many times will CBSE conduct Class 10 board exams under the proposed draft policy from the 2025-26 academic session?

A) Once a year
B) Twice a year
C) Three times a year
D) Four times a year

Show Answer
Ans: B) Twice a year
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has proposed a draft policy to conduct two board exams for Class 10 starting from the 2025-26 academic session.

Q.: On which day did the Mahakumbh 2025 culminate?

a) Diwali
b) Holi
c) Mahashivratri
d) Janmashtami

Show Answer
Ans: c) Mahashivratri
The Mahakumbh, a grand spiritual gathering that takes place once every 12 years, culminated on the auspicious day of Mahashivratri, February 26, 2025.

Mahakumbh 2025 Culminating on Mahashivratri (26 February 2025)

The Mahakumbh, a grand spiritual gathering that takes place once every 12 years, culminated on the auspicious day of Mahashivratri, February 26, 2025. This 45-day event, which began on January 13 (Paush Purnima), saw millions of devotees from across India and beyond converge at the Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj.

Mahashivratri, a significant day in Hinduism, commemorates the divine union of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. It holds special importance in the context of the Kumbh Mela, as it is believed that bathing in the holy waters on this day cleanses one of past sins and paves the way for spiritual liberation.

The Mahakumbh 2025 witnessed a record-breaking turnout, with over 64 crore pilgrims participating in the event. The final day saw a massive influx of devotees, with over 41.11 lakh people taking a holy dip at the Sangam by 6 am. The event featured grand processions of Naga Sadhus and three ‘Amrit Snans’ (holy baths), adding to the religious fervor.

Despite the grandeur, the Mahakumbh 2025 was also marked by unfortunate incidents, including a deadly stampede on January 29 that claimed 30 lives and injured over 60 people. Several fire incidents and road accidents also occurred as pilgrims traveled to and from the Kumbh.

As the Mahakumbh concluded on Mahashivratri, devotees bid farewell to this historic event, carrying with them blessings, memories, and the hope of returning to the next great gathering.

CBSE Proposes a Draft Policy to Conduct Two Board Exams for Class 10

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has proposed a draft policy to conduct two board exams for Class 10 starting from the 2025-26 academic session. According to the proposal:

Exams will be held in two phases: February-March (first phase) and May (second phase).

Class 10 and 12 exams will begin on the first Tuesday after February 15.

The policy aligns with NEP 2020 recommendations, allowing students to take board exams twice a year, with one main attempt and an optional improvement attempt.

Stakeholders have been asked to submit their feedback by the 9th of next month.

Friedrich Merz to Become the Next Chancellor of Germany

Friedrich Merz is set to become the next Chancellor of Germany after winning the early election on February 23, 2025. A veteran politician from Sauerland, western Germany, Merz previously served in the European Parliament (1989) and later in the Bundestag, earning a reputation as a strong speaker.

He is known for advocating liberal economic policies, nuclear power, and reducing bureaucracy. After a period in the private sector, he returned to politics in 2022 and became the leader of the CDU. His victory represents a conservative shift in German politics, with a focus on economic growth and stricter migration policies.

Germany faces economic stagnation and migration concerns, and Merz’s leadership is expected to address these challenges with pro-business reforms and deregulation.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 25 February 2025

Q.: How did the US resolution adopted by the UN Security Council in February 2025 differ from the previous U.S. stance on Ukraine?

A) It called for military intervention
B) It took a neutral stance compared to Biden’s strong support for Ukraine
C) It imposed stronger sanctions on Russia
D) It rejected peace talks with Russia

Show Answer
Answer: B) It took a neutral stance compared to Biden’s strong support for Ukraine
The UN Security Council adopted a U.S.-drafted resolution on February 24, 2025, marking the third anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

Q.: Which government scheme completed six years on February 24, 2025?

a) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
b) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
c) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
d) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana

Show Answer
Ans: b) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)

Q.: The Madhya Pradesh Global Investors Summit (GIS) 2025 was held on February 24-25 in which city?

A. Indore
B. Gwalior
C. Jabalpur
D. Bhopal

Show Answer
Ans: D. Bhopal
The Madhya Pradesh Global Investors Summit (GIS) 2025 was held on February 24-25 in Bhopal and aimed to showcase the state’s investment climate and industrial infrastructure.

Madhya Pradesh Global Investors Summit (GIS) 2025 held on February 24-25 in Bhopal

The Madhya Pradesh Global Investors Summit (GIS) 2025 was held on February 24-25 in Bhopal and aimed to showcase the state’s investment climate and industrial infrastructure. The event attracted global leaders, industrialists, and experts, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurating the summit and Home Minister Amit Shah attending the closing ceremony.

The summit featured the Madhya Pradesh Experience Zone and Tourism Pavilion, which impressed delegates with digital displays, interactive technology, and virtual reality experiences. Notably, Gautam Adani announced a ₹2.1 lakh crore investment blueprint for Madhya Pradesh, expected to create over 1.2 lakh jobs by 2030. German officials praised the state’s facilities for investors and its ease of doing business.

Overall, the GIS 2025 successfully positioned Madhya Pradesh as a leading destination for global investors, highlighting its commitment to industrial growth, innovation, and sustainable development.

Six Years of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) Scheme

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme, launched on 24 February, 2019, has completed six years of providing financial assistance to farmers across India. This initiative, aimed at ensuring stability and enhancing crop production, has played a crucial role in reducing agricultural costs and improving farmers’ economic conditions.

Under the PM-KISAN scheme, eligible farmers receive ₹6,000 annually, credited directly to their bank accounts in three installments of ₹2,000 each. This financial aid is transferred through the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system, eliminating middlemen and ensuring that the rightful benefits reach the farmers without any delays or discrepancies.

Over the past six years, the scheme has disbursed approximately ₹3.5 lakh crore to farmers’ accounts, benefiting millions of small and marginal farmers across the country. The 19th installment of the PM-KISAN financial assistance was recently released, providing over ₹22,000 crore to 9.8 crore farmers, including 2.41 crore female farmers.

The PM-KISAN scheme has not only provided financial support but has also brought respect, prosperity, and new strength to India’s food providers. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasized the government’s commitment to supporting farmers and enhancing their livelihoods through various initiatives, including the PM-KISAN scheme.

In addition to the financial aid, the government has also dedicated 10,000 Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) to the country, further strengthening the support system for agricultural producers. The scheme has significantly contributed to reducing the cost of agriculture, increasing farmers’ access to the market, and improving their income.

UN Security Council adopts US-drafted resolution on war in Ukraine

The UN Security Council adopted a U.S.-drafted resolution on February 24, 2025, marking the third anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The resolution takes a neutral stance, reflecting U.S. President Donald Trump’s shift in policy compared to former President Joe Biden’s strong support for Ukraine. Russia welcomed the U.S.’s changing position but noted the resolution was only a starting point.

Despite previous deadlock due to Russia’s veto power, the resolution passed with 10 votes in favor, while France, Britain, Denmark, Greece, and Slovenia abstained. Russia voted in favor after failing to amend the text. The resolution mourns casualties, reaffirms the UN’s role in maintaining peace, and calls for an end to the conflict.

Trump’s mediation efforts have raised concerns among Ukraine and its European allies, who stress that peace must not mean Ukraine’s capitulation. The UN General Assembly earlier adopted two resolutions—one by Ukraine and Europe and another by the U.S., later amended to support Ukraine. The U.S.’s alignment with Russia on some issues highlighted shifting global alliances, with India abstaining from several votes.

Today Current Affairs MCQs : 24 February 2025

Q.: Which team won the Indian Super League (ISL) League Winners’ title in 2025?

A) Odisha FC
B) FC Goa
C) Mohun Bagan Super Giant
D) Bengaluru FC

Show Answer
Answer: C) Mohun Bagan Super Giant
In the Indian Super League (ISL) Football, Mohun Bagan Super Giant became the League Winners after their 1-nil victory over Odisha FC at the Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan Stadium in Kolkata on 23 Feb 2025.

Q.: India defeated Pakistan by six wickets in the ICC Men’s Champions Trophy on 23 Feb 2025. This match was played at:

A) Eden Gardens, Kolkata
B) Dubai International Stadium
C) Melbourne Cricket Ground
D) Lord’s, London

Show Answer
Answer: B) Dubai International Stadium
India defeated Pakistan by six wickets in the ICC Men’s Champions Trophy Group A match on 23 Feb 2025 at the Dubai International Stadium.

Q.: Who was appointed as Principal Secretary-2 to Prime Minister Narendra Modi in February 2025?

a) Urjit Patel
b) Raghuram Rajan
c) Shaktikanta Das
d) D. Subbarao

Show Answer
Ans: c) Shaktikanta Das
Shaktikanta Das, the former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has been appointed as Principal Secretary-2 to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Q.: Who is the current Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) of India who began a four-day official visit to France on 23 Feb 2025?

A) General Manoj Pande
B) General Bipin Rawat
C) General Upendra Dwivedi
D) General Dalbir Singh Suhag

Show Answer
Answer: C) General Upendra Dwivedi
Chief of the Army Staff, General Upendra Dwivedi began his four-day official visit to France on 23 Feb 2025 to strengthen India-France defence cooperation.

Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi on 4-day visit to France

Chief of the Army Staff, General Upendra Dwivedi began his four-day official visit to France on 23 Feb 2025 to strengthen India-France defence cooperation. He will receive a Guard of Honour and meet French Army Chief General Pierre Schill in Paris.

On 24 Feb, he will visit Marseille to discuss the French Army’s 3rd Division, bilateral exercise SHAKTI, and modernisation programme (Scorpion). On 25 Feb, he will visit the Neuve Chapelle Indian War Memorial to honor Indian soldiers of World War I and deliver a talk at Ecole de Guerre on modern warfare and India’s strategic vision.

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