A compilation of the Top most significant national and international current affairs of the year 2025 in short, curated for competitive exams (UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State PSCs). This summary is organized month-wise, focusing on facts and major milestones from gknow.in and other reliable educational sources.

January 2025

• 13 Jan–26 Feb 2025 – 2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela: The world’s largest religious gathering was held at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. It attracted over 660 million devotees. The theme was “Sarvashrestha Kumbh,” emphasizing sustainability and digital connectivity.
• 25 January 2025 – Padma Awards 2025 Announced: A total of 140 Padma Awards were conferred, including 7 Padma Vibhushan. Notable awardees included veterans from social service and indigenous arts.
• 26 January 2025 – 76th Republic Day: India celebrated its Republic Day with a focus on “Viksit Bharat” and “Nari Shakti.” The parade showcased indigenous defense platforms like the LCH Prachand and the Nag Mk 2 missile.

February 2025

• 1 February 2025 – Union Budget 2025-26: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the budget with the theme “Sabka Vikas.” Key highlights included the abolition of the Angel Tax and a new income tax regime where no tax is levied for annual incomes up to ₹12 lakh.
• 19 February 2025 – New Chief Election Commissioner: Shri Gyanesh Kumar took charge as the 26th Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) of India, succeeding Rajiv Kumar.
• 24 February 2025 – NASA-SpaceX Return Mission: Astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore successfully returned to Earth aboard a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft after being stationed at the ISS since mid-2024.

March 2025

• 9 March 2025 – ICC Champions Trophy 2025: India clinched the title by defeating New Zealand in the final held in Dubai (co-hosted by Pakistan and UAE). This was India’s 3rd Champions Trophy title.
• 15 March 2025 – India’s First PPP Green Waste Plant: Set up in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, this plant became the first Public-Private Partnership model to process 100% of the city’s green waste into sawdust and organic fuel.

April 2025

• 14 April 2025 – Operation Sindoor: Following a terror attack in Pahalgam, the Indian Armed Forces launched “Operation Sindoor,” conducting precision strikes on nine terrorist launchpads across the border.
• 20 April 2025 – World’s Highest Railway Bridge Commissioned: The Chenab Rail Bridge in Jammu & Kashmir (359m above river level) was fully integrated into the national grid, completing the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL).

May 2025

• 14 May 2025 – 52nd Chief Justice of India: Justice B.R. Gavai was sworn in as the 52nd CJI, succeeding Justice Sanjiv Khanna. He is slated to serve until his retirement at 65.
• 22 May 2025 – India Becomes 4th Largest Economy: India officially overtook Japan to become the world’s 4th largest economy, with a GDP reaching $4.18 trillion.

June 2025

• 15 June 2025 – ICC Hall of Fame Induction: Former Indian captain M.S. Dhoni was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame for his unparalleled contribution to the game and leadership.
• 21 June 2025 – International Day of Yoga: The 11th edition was celebrated globally with the theme “Yoga for Global Harmony and Peace.”

July 2025

• 10 July 2025 – ISRO’s SpaDeX Mission: ISRO successfully conducted the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX), involving two satellites (Chaser and Target). This technology is a critical precursor to India’s own Space Station (Bharatiya Antariksha Station).
• 28 July 2025 – 15th Vice President of India: Election results were announced for the 15th Vice President of India, marking a smooth constitutional transition.

August 2025

• 24 August 2025 – Unified Pension Scheme (UPS): The Union Cabinet approved enhancements to the UPS for central government employees, ensuring a 50% assured pension for those with at least 25 years of service.
• 25 August 2025 – Badminton Asia U-15 Gold: India’s Tanvi Patri clinched the girls’ singles title at the Asia U-17 & U-15 Junior Championships in Chengdu, China.

September 2025

• 1 September 2025 – National Geospatial Mission: The government launched Phase II of the mission to build a high-resolution 3D digital twin of major Indian cities to improve urban planning and disaster management.
• 15 September 2025 – Mines Secretary Appointment: Shri Piyush Goyal (IAS) assumed charge as the Mines Secretary of India, focusing on critical mineral security.
• Vice President of India, C.P. Radhakrishnan, was appointed and sworn into office on September 12, 2025, following his election on September 9, 2025, succeeding Jagdeep Dhankhar. 

October 2025

• 5 October 2025 – Waqf (Amendment) Act 2025: Parliament passed the landmark bill to streamline the management of Waqf properties, enhancing transparency through mandatory digital registration.
• 31 October 2025 – UNESCO Creative City: Gwalior was recognized as a UNESCO “Creative City of Music,” further boosting India’s cultural standing in the Creative Cities Network (UCCN).

November 2025

• 2 November 2025 – India Wins Women’s Cricket World Cup: In a historic feat, the Indian Women’s team secured its first-ever ODI World Cup title by defeating South Africa in the final. Deepti Sharma was named Player of the Series.
• 15 November 2025 – Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas: Celebrated on the birth anniversary of Birsa Munda; the government released a Santhali translation of the Constitution in the Ol Chiki script.

December 2025

• 10 December 2025 – Deepavali Inscribed by UNESCO: Deepavali was officially inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, recognizing its global cultural significance.
• 28 December 2025 – President’s Submarine Sortie: President Droupadi Murmu undertook a rare operational sortie on the indigenous Kalvari-class submarine INS Vaghsheer on the Western Seaboard.
• 30 December 2025 – FIDE World Rapid Chess: India’s Arjun Erigaisi and Koneru Humpy won bronze medals at the World Rapid Chess Championships held in Doha, Qatar.